Maulana Azad Medical College, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, Delhi, 10002, India.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2012 May;106(5):273-82. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.12.007. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
Dengue is the most important mosquito-borne, human viral disease in many tropical and sub-tropical areas. In India the disease has been essentially described in the form of case series. We reviewed the epidemiology of dengue in India to improve understanding of its evolution in the last 50 years and support the development of effective local prevention and control measures. Early outbreak reports showed a classic epidemic pattern of transmission with sporadic outbreaks, with low to moderate numbers of cases, usually localized to urban centres and neighbouring regions, but occasionally spreading and causing larger epidemics. Trends in recent decades include: larger and more frequent outbreaks; geographic expansion of endemic transmission; spread of the disease from urban to peri-urban and rural areas; an increasing proportion of severe cases and deaths; and progression to hyperendemicity, particularly in large urban areas. The global picture of dengue in India is currently that of a largely endemic country. Understanding demographic differences in infection rates and severity of dengue has important implications for the planning and implementation of effective public health prevention and control measures and targeting of future vaccination campaigns.
登革热是许多热带和亚热带地区最重要的蚊媒病毒性疾病。在印度，该病主要以病例系列的形式进行描述。我们对印度登革热的流行病学进行了综述，以增进对过去 50 年来其演变的了解，并支持制定有效的本地预防和控制措施。早期暴发报告显示出典型的传播流行模式，零星暴发，病例数量低至中等，通常局限于城市中心及其周边地区，但偶尔也会传播并导致更大规模的流行。近几十年来的趋势包括：更大规模和更频繁的暴发；地方性传播的地理范围扩大；疾病从城市向城郊和农村地区的传播；重症病例和死亡人数的比例增加；以及向高度地方性流行的转变，特别是在大型城市地区。目前，印度登革热的全球情况是一个主要的地方性流行国家。了解感染率和登革热严重程度的人口统计学差异，对规划和实施有效的公共卫生预防和控制措施以及针对未来疫苗接种运动具有重要意义。
