Vacca Claudia Patricia, Niño Claudia Yaneth, Reveiz Ludovic
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2011 Dec;30(6):586-91.
Describe the implementation status of a regulation prohibiting antibiotic sales without a medical prescription in pharmacies of Bogotá, Colombia.
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using the simulated purchase technique in Bogotá pharmacies (drugstores). The sample of 263 pharmacies was calculated by stratification (chain pharmacies and independent pharmacies) with 5% accuracy and a 2% correction factor. Simple randomization was assigned in each stratum.
Out of the total pharmacies studied, 80.3% did not comply with the regulation established for prescription sales of antibiotics. In 20.1% of the cases, the dispenser asked about the patient's age, symptoms, or both age and symptoms in order to offer other drugs or change the antibiotic. There were no inquiries about a medical history of allergy to antibiotics. In cases in which there was the intention to sell antibiotics, the generic format was most commonly offered (81.2%). Some drug dispensers made inappropriate recommendations. The locations with the highest levels of noncompliance with the regulation were also those with high rates of unmet basic needs.
Five years after passage of a regulation to halt the unrestricted sales of antibiotics, there is minimal compliance, and dispensing does not conform to the established parameters. Pharmacy personnel do not provide the required information according to their responsibilities.
描述哥伦比亚波哥大药店禁止无医生处方销售抗生素规定的实施情况。
采用模拟购买技术在波哥大的药店（药房）进行横断面描述性研究。通过分层（连锁药店和独立药店）计算出263家药店的样本，精度为5%，校正因子为2%。在每个阶层中进行简单随机抽样。
在所研究的药店中，80.3%不符合抗生素处方销售的既定规定。在20.1%的案例中，药剂师询问了患者的年龄、症状，或年龄和症状两者，以便提供其他药物或更换抗生素。没有询问患者对抗生素的过敏病史。在有意销售抗生素的情况下，最常提供的是通用剂型（81.2%）。一些药剂师给出了不恰当的建议。违规率最高的地区也是基本需求未得到满足率较高的地区。
一项旨在停止抗生素无限制销售的规定通过五年后，合规情况极少，配药不符合既定参数。药店工作人员未根据其职责提供所需信息。
