Chamberlain Allison T, Seib Katherine, Wells Katelyn, Hannan Claire, Orenstein Walter A, Whitney Ellen A S, Hinman Alan R, Berkelman Ruth L, Omer Saad B
Emory University Preparedness and Emergency Response Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Biosecur Bioterror. 2012 Mar;10(1):142-50. doi: 10.1089/bsp.2011.0077. Epub 2012 Feb 23.
In June and July 2010, we conducted a national internet-based survey of 64 city, state, and territorial immunization program managers (IPMs) to assess their experiences in managing the 2009-10 H1N1 influenza vaccination campaign. Fifty-four (84%) of the managers or individuals responsible for an immunization program responded to the survey. To manage the campaign, 76% indicated their health department activated an incident command system (ICS) and 49% used an emergency operations center (EOC). Forty percent indicated they shared the leadership of the campaign with their state-level emergency preparedness program. The managers' perceptions of the helpfulness of the emergency preparedness staff was higher when they had collaborated with the emergency preparedness program on actual or simulated mass vaccination events within the previous 2 years. Fifty-seven percent found their pandemic influenza plan helpful, and those programs that mandated that vaccine providers enter data into their jurisdiction's immunization information system (IIS) were more likely than those who did not mandate data entry to rate their IIS as valuable for facilitating registration of nontraditional providers (42% vs. 25%, p<0.05) and tracking recalled influenza vaccine (50% vs. 38%, p<0.05). Results suggest that ICS and EOC structures, pandemic influenza plans, collaborations with emergency preparedness partners during nonemergencies, and expanded use of IIS can enhance immunization programs' ability to successfully manage a large-scale vaccination campaign. Maintaining the close working relationships developed between state-level immunization and emergency preparedness programs during the H1N1 influenza vaccination campaign will be especially important as states prepare for budget cuts in the coming years.
2010年6月和7月，我们针对64位城市、州和地区的免疫规划管理人员（IPM）开展了一项基于互联网的全国性调查，以评估他们在管理2009 - 10年H1N1流感疫苗接种活动中的经验。54位（84%）负责免疫规划的管理人员或个人回复了该调查。为管理此次活动，76%的人表示其卫生部门启动了事件指挥系统（ICS），49%的人使用了应急行动中心（EOC）。40%的人表示他们与州级应急准备项目共同领导了此次活动。当管理人员在过去2年内与应急准备项目就实际或模拟的大规模疫苗接种活动进行合作时，他们对应急准备人员帮助程度的看法更高。57%的人认为其大流行性流感计划很有帮助，并且那些要求疫苗提供者将数据输入其辖区免疫信息系统（IIS）的项目，比未要求数据输入的项目更有可能将其IIS评为对促进非传统提供者登记（42%对25%，p<0.05）和追踪召回流感疫苗（50%对38%，p<0.05）有价值。结果表明，ICS和EOC结构、大流行性流感计划、在非紧急情况下与应急准备伙伴的合作以及扩大IIS的使用，可以提高免疫规划成功管理大规模疫苗接种活动的能力。随着各州为未来几年的预算削减做准备，在H1N1流感疫苗接种活动期间保持州级免疫和应急准备项目之间建立的密切工作关系将尤为重要。
