Kaltwasser M T
Department of Animal Physiology, University of Tuebingen, FRG.
Physiol Behav. 1990 Jul;48(1):13-7. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(90)90253-z.
The present study demonstrates that acoustic stimuli which induce a startle response (ASR) also evoke ultrasonic vocalization in the rat. Sound recordings were done on three consecutive days of testing during sessions of 20 acoustic stimuli each and on the following day for three minutes following 5 acoustic stimuli (nonstimulus condition). Startle-inducing stimuli evoked continuous ultrasonic calling which was maintained throughout testing. Immediately following each acoustic stimulus, however, vocalization was interrupted by a period of silence (gap). The mean duration of sounds was reduced and the interpulse interval tended to increase during acoustic stimulation as compared to the nonstimulus condition. It is concluded that startle-eliciting stimuli induce a state of fear in the rat and that the acoustic-startle-elicited ultrasonic vocalization may provide a novel model in the study of anxiety.
本研究表明，能诱发惊跳反应（ASR）的听觉刺激也会引发大鼠发出超声波叫声。在连续三天的测试中，每次进行20次听觉刺激时都进行声音记录，在随后一天，在5次听觉刺激（非刺激条件）后进行三分钟记录。诱发惊跳的刺激引发了持续的超声波叫声，且在整个测试过程中持续存在。然而，每次听觉刺激后，叫声会被一段沉默期（间隙）打断。与非刺激条件相比，在听觉刺激期间，声音的平均持续时间缩短，脉冲间期趋于增加。得出的结论是，引发惊跳的刺激会在大鼠中诱发恐惧状态，且由听觉惊跳引发的超声波叫声可能为焦虑研究提供一个新模型。
