Institute of Pediatric Nephrology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, 49202, Israel.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2012 Jun;27(6):1037-40. doi: 10.1007/s00467-012-2123-y. Epub 2012 Feb 26.
Hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome (HHS) is characterized by unilateral renal artery stenosis with secondary hypertension and glomerular and tubular dysfunction due to hyperfiltration and activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS).
CASE-DIAGNOSIS/TREATMENT: We describe four children with HHS. All presented with polyuria and polydipsia, electrolyte disturbances, metabolic alkalosis, variable tubular dysfunction, and nephrotic range proteinuria along with hypertension. Interestingly, in one patient, glomerular and tubular abnormalities preceded the development of hypertension. All symptoms resolved after the underlying renal ischemia was corrected by percutaneous angioplasty.
Hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome may be more common in children than previously thought. Clinicians should be alert of the signs and symptoms because cure is possible with timely diagnosis and treatment.
低钠血症性高血压综合征（HHS）的特征是单侧肾动脉狭窄，继发高血压以及肾小球和肾小管功能障碍，这是由于高滤过和肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）的激活。
病例诊断/治疗：我们描述了 4 例 HHS 患儿。所有患儿均表现为多尿和多饮、电解质紊乱、代谢性碱中毒、不同程度的肾小管功能障碍和肾病范围蛋白尿，同时伴有高血压。有趣的是，在 1 例患儿中，肾小球和肾小管异常先于高血压的发生。所有症状在经皮血管成形术纠正潜在的肾缺血后均得到缓解。
HHS 在儿童中可能比之前认为的更为常见。临床医生应该警惕这些迹象和症状，因为及时诊断和治疗可以治愈。
