Martins J, Ferreira A J, Ginja M M
Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2012;25(3):202-10. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-11-07-0101. Epub 2012 Feb 27.
To study the radiographic projected hip parameters of the proximal femur and acetabulum in young and adult Estrela Mountain Dogs with normal and abnormal hip joints. The parameters evaluated were: femoral angles of inclination and anteversion (FAI and FAA), femoral neck length and width (FNL and FNW), acetabular depth (AD) and acetabular angle of retrotorsion (AAR).
Five hundred and twenty-five standard hip-extended ventrodorsal radiographic views and 622 mediolateral views of the right and left femur were used to measure the FAI, FAA, FNL, FNW, AD, AAR and modified AAR (mAAR).
The FAI decreased in adult dysplastic dogs, in females and in right femora; FAA decreased with age; FNL was characterized by a greater relative size in normal adult animals; FNW was greater in abnormal hips in young and adult animals; AD was less in adult dysplastic dogs and in right hips; AAR was similar in the studied groups; mAAR was greater in abnormal hips and in left hips.
The data may be used in future studies, which compare this breed to others. Morphological variations in femoral neck and acetabular morphometric parameters were present, and these variables in dogs with different ages and with hips in varying states of health should not be compared.
研究髋关节正常和异常的年轻及成年埃斯特雷拉山地犬近端股骨和髋臼的X线投影髋关节参数。评估的参数包括：股骨倾斜角和前倾角（FAI和FAA）、股骨颈长度和宽度（FNL和FNW）、髋臼深度（AD）和髋臼后倾角度（AAR）。
使用525张标准的髋关节伸展前后位X线片和622张左右股骨的内外侧位片来测量FAI、FAA、FNL、FNW、AD、AAR和改良AAR（mAAR）。
成年发育异常犬、雌性犬和右侧股骨的FAI降低；FAA随年龄增长而降低；FNL的特征是正常成年动物中相对尺寸更大；年轻和成年动物中异常髋关节的FNW更大；成年发育异常犬和右侧髋关节的AD更小；所研究组的AAR相似；异常髋关节和左侧髋关节的mAAR更大。
这些数据可用于未来将该品种与其他品种进行比较的研究。股骨颈和髋臼形态测量参数存在形态学差异，不同年龄且髋关节健康状况不同的犬的这些变量不应进行比较。
