Pediatric Infections Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2012 Mar;15(3):171-5.
One of the most common bacterial infections that causes ophthalmia neonatorum is Chlamydia trachomatis, (C. trachomatis). Very few studies have been performed in Iran using both cell culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis as an etiological agent of ophthalmia neonatorum. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis (NCC) as diagnosed by both methods in two hospitals in Tehran, Iran. From March 2008 to May 2009, out of 2253 neonates, 241 (10.7%) with clinical findings of conjunctivitis were included in this study. A total of 241 conjunctival swabs were tested by cell culture (as the gold standard test), PCR, and Giemsa staining. Cell cultures were positive for C. trachomatis in 31 (12.9%) neonates, C. trachomatis was positive in 40 (16.6%) neonates by PCR and 18 (7.5%) by Giemsa staining. The sensitivity of PCR was 100%, whereas Giemsa staining sensitivity was 558.1%. High sensitivity (100%) and specificity (95.7%) of PCR as compared to culture makes it a proper diagnostic method for the detection of C. trachomatis.
导致新生儿眼炎的最常见细菌感染之一是沙眼衣原体（C. trachomatis）。在伊朗，使用细胞培养和聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法来确定沙眼衣原体作为新生儿眼炎病因的患病率的研究很少。本研究旨在评估伊朗德黑兰两家医院通过这两种方法诊断的新生儿衣原体性结膜炎（NCC）的患病率。2008 年 3 月至 2009 年 5 月，在 2253 名新生儿中，有 241 名（10.7%）出现结膜炎临床症状，纳入本研究。共对 241 份结膜拭子进行细胞培养（作为金标准检测）、PCR 和吉姆萨染色检测。细胞培养法检测出 31 名（12.9%）新生儿沙眼衣原体阳性，PCR 法检测出 40 名（16.6%）新生儿沙眼衣原体阳性，吉姆萨染色法检测出 18 名（7.5%）新生儿沙眼衣原体阳性。PCR 的灵敏度为 100%，而吉姆萨染色的灵敏度为 558.1%。与培养法相比，PCR 的高灵敏度（100%）和特异性（95.7%）使其成为检测沙眼衣原体的合适诊断方法。
