Florida State University, Department of Psychology, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2012 May;138(3):239-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.048. Epub 2012 Feb 26.
Anxiety along with anxiety-related risk factors is receiving increased attention in regard to its role in elevated suicidality. One such risk factor, anxiety sensitivity (AS), refers to a fear of anxiety-related symptoms. Emerging research indicates that components of AS, particularly the AS subfactor focused on cognitive arousal concerns, are significantly associated with elevated suicidality in samples of diverse clinical outpatients, clinical outpatients with PTSD symptoms, and Air Force cadets undergoing a stressful life experience. Cigarette smokers represent another relevant population for this line of research due to recent reports indicating that cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence may be related to elevated suicidality.
Study 1 examined the role of AS and the AS subfactors in a large sample (n=343) of community adult smokers. Study 2 examined the role of AS and AS subfactors in a sample of "pack-a-day" adult smokers (n=78) who were seeking outpatient treatment for substance abuse issues.
Study 1 results were consistent with our a priori hypothesis that AS cognitive concerns would be significantly associated with suicidality. Additionally, after covarying for relevant substance use variables, Study 2 results were also consistent with our hypothesis that AS cognitive concerns were significantly associated with suicidality.
Limitations included the use of suicide related outcomes, not death by suicide, and cross-sectional design.
These findings suggest that suicide potential in cigarette smokers may be related to AS cognitive concerns and add to the emerging literature suggesting AS cognitive concerns are a risk factor for suicidality.
焦虑以及与焦虑相关的风险因素越来越受到关注，因为它们与自杀风险增加有关。其中一个风险因素是焦虑敏感（AS），它指的是对焦虑相关症状的恐惧。新兴研究表明，AS 的各个组成部分，特别是关注认知唤醒的 AS 亚因素，与各种临床门诊患者、有创伤后应激障碍症状的临床门诊患者以及正在经历紧张生活经历的空军学员的自杀风险显著相关。由于最近有报告表明，吸烟和尼古丁依赖可能与自杀风险增加有关，因此吸烟者是这一研究领域的另一个相关人群。
研究 1 考察了 AS 和 AS 亚因素在一个大型社区成年吸烟者样本（n=343）中的作用。研究 2 考察了 AS 和 AS 亚因素在一个“每天一包烟”的成年吸烟者样本（n=78）中的作用，这些吸烟者正在寻求药物滥用问题的门诊治疗。
研究 1 的结果与我们的先验假设一致，即 AS 认知关注与自杀风险显著相关。此外，在对相关物质使用变量进行协方差分析后，研究 2 的结果也与我们的假设一致，即 AS 认知关注与自杀风险显著相关。
限制包括使用与自杀相关的结果，而不是自杀死亡，以及横断面设计。
这些发现表明，吸烟者的自杀潜力可能与 AS 认知关注有关，并为 AS 认知关注是自杀风险因素的新兴文献增添了证据。
