Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Psychiatry Res. 2012 May 30;197(3):265-9. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.10.002. Epub 2012 Feb 26.
Different hypotheses exist for the relationship among trauma, dissociation, and recovered memory. According to one view, recovered memory results from dissociation that a survivor adopts as a defense mechanism during a traumatizing event to avoid emotional pain. From this perspective, trauma is a necessary antecedent to relate dissociative symptoms with recovered memory. Another view emphasizes the characteristics of the victim, such as fantasy proneness and atypical cognitive operations. This alternate view holds that trauma is not necessary in relating dissociation to recovered memory. We tested these two hypotheses, measuring recovered memory, dissociative symptoms, childhood interpersonal adversity, and fantasy proneness in a nonclinical sample of college students. Our results showed a significant correlation between recovered memory and dissociative symptoms; the correlation cannot be accounted for by childhood interpersonal adversity, fantasy proneness, or absorption. Recovered events can be negative, neutral, or even positive. Trauma is not necessary in relating recovered memory to dissociative symptoms.
不同的假说存在于创伤、分离和恢复记忆之间的关系中。一种观点认为，恢复记忆是分离的结果，即幸存者在创伤事件中采用的一种防御机制，以避免情绪痛苦。从这个角度来看，创伤是将分离症状与恢复记忆联系起来的必要前提。另一种观点强调受害者的特征，如幻想倾向和非典型认知操作。这种替代观点认为，将创伤与恢复记忆联系起来并不需要创伤。我们在非临床大学生样本中测量了恢复记忆、分离症状、童年人际逆境和幻想倾向，检验了这两种假说。我们的结果表明，恢复记忆和分离症状之间存在显著相关性；这种相关性不能用童年人际逆境、幻想倾向或吸收来解释。恢复的事件可以是负面的、中性的，甚至是积极的。将恢复记忆与分离症状联系起来并不需要创伤。
