Leiden University, The Netherlands.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2012 Jun;38(6):798-807. doi: 10.1177/0146167211436320. Epub 2012 Feb 27.
This article presents two studies demonstrating the implications of having different values (vs. interests) in a situation where people take opposite positions. Study 1 examined how people respond to a range of conflict issues that were framed either as referring to conflicting values or as referring to conflicting interests. Study 2 used a more immersive methodology, in which participants were led to consider either their values or interests in taking up a particular position, after which they were presented with a confederate who took up the opposite position. Results of both studies converge to demonstrate that framing a particular conflict issue in terms of values causes people to experience more self-involvement and to perceive less common ground. This result can be seen as a potential explanation of why value conflicts tend to escalate more easily than conflicts of interests and also offers scope for interventions directed at value conflict resolution.
本文提出了两项研究，旨在探讨在人们持相反立场的情况下，拥有不同价值观（相对于利益）所产生的影响。研究 1 考察了人们对一系列冲突问题的反应，这些问题的表述方式要么涉及冲突的价值观，要么涉及冲突的利益。研究 2 使用了一种更具沉浸感的方法，参与者被引导考虑自己在采取特定立场时是重视价值观还是利益，之后向他们呈现了一个持相反立场的共谋者。这两项研究的结果都表明，将特定的冲突问题表述为价值观问题会导致人们更多地自我卷入，并认为共同点较少。这一结果可以被视为为什么价值冲突往往比利益冲突更容易升级的一个潜在解释，同时也为针对价值冲突解决的干预措施提供了空间。
