Department of Psychology, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010 Jan;36(1):5-18. doi: 10.1177/0146167209350628. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
The normative conflict model predicts that expressions of dissent within groups can be motivated by the collective interest and that strongly identified members may dissent from group norms if and when they are perceived to be harmful to the collective. We present convergent evidence from four studies in support of the model. Study 1 investigated retrospective reports of disagreements and found that strongly identified members reported collectively oriented motives for expressing disagreement within their groups. Studies 2a and 2b provided experimental tests of the prediction that strongly identified group members are willing to dissent when they reflect on how a norm could harm their group but not when they reflect on negative individualistic consequences of the same norm. Finally, Study 3 replicated these effects using a correlational design that measured actual opinion expression in an ostensible online chat room.
规范冲突模型预测，群体内部的异议表达可能是出于集体利益，而强烈认同群体的成员如果认为群体规范有害，可能会反对这些规范。我们通过四项研究提供了一致的证据来支持该模型。研究 1 调查了对分歧的回顾性报告，发现强烈认同的成员报告了在群体内部表达分歧的集体导向动机。研究 2a 和 2b 提供了实验检验，预测强烈认同的群体成员在反思规范如何伤害他们的群体时愿意表示反对，但在反思同一规范对个人的负面影响时则不会。最后，研究 3 使用相关设计复制了这些效果，该设计在一个看似在线聊天室中测量了实际的意见表达。
