Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, México.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2011 Dec 21;11 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S13. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-11-S2-S13.
Corruption pervades educational and other institutions worldwide and medical schools are not exempt. Empirical evidence about levels and types of corruption in medical schools is sparse. We conducted surveys in 2000 and 2007 in the medical school of the Autonomous University of Guerrero in Mexico to document student perceptions and experience of corruption and to support the medical school to take actions to tackle corruption.
In both 2000 and 2007 medical students completed a self-administered questionnaire in the classroom without the teacher present. The questionnaire asked about unofficial payments for admission to medical school, for passing an examination and for administrative procedures. We examined factors related to the experience of corruption in multivariate analysis. Focus groups of students discussed the quantitative findings.
In 2000, 6% of 725 responding students had paid unofficially to obtain entry into the medical school; this proportion fell to 1.6% of the 436 respondents in 2007. In 2000, 15% of students reported having paid a bribe to pass an examination, not significantly different from the 18% who reported this in 2007. In 2007, students were significantly more likely to have bribed a teacher to pass an examination if they were in the fourth year, if they had been subjected to sexual harassment or political pressure, and if they had been in the university for five years or more. Students resented the need to make unofficial payments and suggested tackling the problem by disciplining corrupt teachers. The university administration made several changes to the system of admissions and examinations in the medical school, based on the findings of the 2000 survey.
The fall in the rate of bribery to enter the medical school was probably the result of the new admissions system instituted after the first survey. Further actions will be necessary to tackle the continuing presence of bribery to pass examinations and for administrative procedures. The social audit helped to draw attention to corruption and to stimulate actions to tackle it.
腐败现象在世界各地的教育机构和其他机构中普遍存在，医学院校也不例外。关于医学院校腐败程度和类型的经验证据很少。我们在 2000 年和 2007 年在墨西哥自治大学的医学院进行了调查，以记录学生对腐败的看法和经验，并支持医学院采取行动解决腐败问题。
在 2000 年和 2007 年，医学生在没有老师在场的情况下在教室里完成了一份自我管理的问卷。问卷询问了学生是否为进入医学院、通过考试和行政程序支付了非官方费用。我们在多元分析中检查了与腐败经历相关的因素。学生焦点小组讨论了定量研究结果。
2000 年，725 名回应学生中有 6%非官方支付进入医学院；这一比例从 2007 年的 436 名受访者中的 1.6%下降。2000 年，15%的学生报告曾贿赂老师通过考试，这与 2007 年的 18%没有显著差异。2007 年，如果学生处于四年级、受到性骚扰或政治压力，并且在大学就读五年或以上，他们更有可能贿赂老师通过考试。学生对需要支付非官方费用感到不满，并建议通过纪律处分腐败教师来解决这个问题。根据 2000 年调查的结果，大学行政部门对医学院的招生和考试制度进行了几项改革。
进入医学院的贿赂率下降可能是第一次调查后实施新招生制度的结果。需要进一步采取行动，解决继续存在的贿赂通过考试和行政程序的问题。社会审计有助于引起对腐败的关注，并激发解决腐败问题的行动。
