Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Biol Lett. 2012 Aug 23;8(4):639-43. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2012.0023. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
Habitat persistence should influence dispersal ability, selecting for stronger dispersal in habitats of lower temporal stability. As standing (lentic) freshwater habitats are on average less persistent over time than running (lotic) habitats, lentic species should show higher dispersal abilities than lotic species. Assuming that climate is an important determinant of species distributions, we hypothesize that lentic species should have distributions that are closer to equilibrium with current climate, and should more rapidly track climatic changes. We tested these hypotheses using datasets from 1988 and 2006 containing all European dragon- and damselfly species. Bioclimatic envelope models showed that lentic species were closer to climatic equilibrium than lotic species. Furthermore, the models over-predicted lotic species ranges more strongly than lentic species ranges, indicating that lentic species track climatic changes more rapidly than lotic species. These results are consistent with the proposed hypothesis that habitat persistence affects the evolution of dispersal.
生境持久性应该会影响扩散能力，从而选择在时间稳定性较低的生境中具有更强的扩散能力。由于静止（湖泊）淡水生境的持久性平均低于流动（河流）生境，因此湖泊物种的扩散能力应高于河流物种。假设气候是物种分布的一个重要决定因素，我们假设湖泊物种的分布应该更接近与当前气候的平衡状态，并且应该更迅速地追踪气候变化。我们使用包含所有欧洲蜻蜓和豆娘物种的 1988 年和 2006 年数据集来测试这些假设。生物气候包络模型表明，湖泊物种比河流物种更接近气候平衡。此外，模型对河流物种的预测范围比湖泊物种的预测范围更强烈，这表明湖泊物种比河流物种更迅速地追踪气候变化。这些结果与提出的假设一致，即生境持久性会影响扩散的进化。
