Department of Chronic Disease and Diabetes Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e32430. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032430. Epub 2012 Feb 27.
Adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) have elevated levels of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Preliminary observations suggest that this could partly be explained by lower rates of physical activity. The aim of this study was to assess physical activity in healthy young adults born preterm at very low birth weight compared with term-born controls.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We studied 94 unimpaired young adults, aged 21-29 years, born at VLBW and 101 age-, sex-, and birth hospital-matched term-born controls from one regional center in Southern Finland. The participants completed a validated 30-item 12-month physical activity questionnaire and the NEO-Personality Inventory based on the Big Five taxonomy, the most commonly used classification of personality traits. Yearly frequency, total time, total volume and energy expenditure of conditioning and non-conditioning leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and commuting physical activity were compared between VLBW and term-born subjects. A subset of participants underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for body composition measurement. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Compared with controls, VLBW participants had lower frequency [-38.5% (95% CI; -58.9, -7.7)], total time [-47.4% (95% CI; -71.2, -4.1)], total volume [-44.3% (95% CI; -65.8, -9.2)] and energy expenditure [-55.9% (95% CI; -78.6, -9.4)] of conditioning LTPA when adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, parental education and personality traits. Adjusting for lean body mass instead of body mass index attenuated the difference. There were no differences in non-conditioning LTPA or commuting physical activity.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Compared with term-born controls, unimpaired VLBW adults undertake less frequent LTPA with lower total time and volume of exercise resulting in lower energy expenditure. Differences in personality that exist between the VLBW and term-born groups do not seem to explain this association.
极低出生体重（VLBW，<1500 克）的早产儿成年后患心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病的风险因素水平升高。初步观察表明，这在一定程度上可以解释为体力活动水平较低。本研究旨在评估与足月出生对照组相比，极低出生体重的健康年轻早产儿的体力活动水平。
方法/主要发现：我们研究了来自芬兰南部一个地区中心的 94 名无损伤的年轻成年人，年龄在 21-29 岁之间，他们出生时 VLBW 和 101 名年龄、性别和出生医院匹配的足月出生对照组。参与者完成了一份经过验证的 30 项 12 个月体力活动问卷和基于五大分类法的 NEO 人格量表，这是最常用的人格特征分类法。比较了 VLBW 和足月出生受试者的有条件和非有条件休闲时间体力活动（LTPA）和通勤体力活动的年频率、总时间、总量和能量消耗。一部分参与者接受了双能 X 射线吸收法进行身体成分测量。数据通过多元线性回归进行分析。与对照组相比，VLBW 参与者的频率较低[-38.5%（95%CI；-58.9，-7.7）]、总时间[-47.4%（95%CI；-71.2，-4.1）]、总量[-44.3%（95%CI；-65.8，-9.2）]和能量消耗[-55.9%（95%CI；-78.6，-9.4）]，调整年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟、父母教育程度和人格特质后。用瘦体重代替体重指数进行调整会减弱这种差异。非条件 LTPA 或通勤体力活动没有差异。
结论/意义：与足月出生对照组相比，未受损的极低出生体重成年人进行的 LTPA 频率较低，总时间和运动量较少，导致能量消耗较低。VLBW 和足月出生组之间存在的人格差异似乎并不能解释这种关联。
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