Kaufmann J, Pfister K
International Trypanotolerance Centre, Banjul, The Gambia.
Vet Parasitol. 1990 Aug;37(1):45-54. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(90)90024-6.
From June 1987 to June 1988, a total of 180 N'Dama cattle were necropsied to identify and enumerate parasites present, including 39 sick calves and 25 dead calves from local village herds, and 116 adult cattle from a local abattoir. Of 175 animals infected with one or more helminths (97%), Haemonchus contortus was found in 67% of all necropsied animals, Cooperia punctata in 75%, Cooperia pectinata in 55%, Oesophagostomum radiatum in 71% and Bunostomum phlebotomum in 21%. There was a wide range of worm burdens (0-22 925) and a pronounced seasonal pattern occurred. Eighty-two percent of the total adult Haemonchus burden occurred during the rainy season (June-October). By the end of the rainy season, almost 100% of the Haemonchus burden was present as inhibited larvae. By contrast, a different survival strategy appeared to occur in Cooperia spp.; Oesophagostomum spp. and Bunostomum spp., which were found as adults throughout the year. Results indicated that, apart from malnutrition during the dry season, gastrointestinal nematode infections, especially haemonchosis, represent a major constraint on the health and productivity of N'Dama cattle under West African savanna conditions.
1987年6月至1988年6月，共对180头恩达马牛进行了尸检，以鉴定和统计体内存在的寄生虫，其中包括来自当地村庄牛群的39头病牛犊和25头死牛犊，以及来自当地一家屠宰场的116头成年牛。在175头感染一种或多种蠕虫的动物中（占97%），在所有尸检动物中，67%发现有捻转血矛线虫，75%有小点库珀线虫，55%有栉状库珀线虫，71%有辐射食道口线虫，21%有微小牛仰口线虫。蠕虫负荷范围很广（0 - 22925条），且呈现出明显的季节性模式。成年捻转血矛线虫总数的82%出现在雨季（6月至10月）。到雨季结束时，几乎100%的捻转血矛线虫负荷以抑制性幼虫的形式存在。相比之下，库珀属线虫、食道口属线虫和仰口属线虫似乎采取了不同的生存策略，它们全年都以成虫形式被发现。结果表明，除了旱季的营养不良外，胃肠道线虫感染，尤其是血矛线虫病，是西非稀树草原条件下恩达马牛健康和生产力的主要制约因素。
