Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
Ann Pharmacother. 2012 Mar;46(3):436-41. doi: 10.1345/aph.1Q628. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
To review the current legal status and patterns of abuse of bath salts.
A literature search was conducted through MEDLINE (1950-December 2011), PubMed (1966-December 2011), EMBASE (1966-December 2011), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-December 2011) using the search terms bath salts, mephedrone, and methylenedioxypyrovalerone to identify articles on the legal status of bath salts and on studies focusing on patterns of abuse of bath salts. The GovTrack.us Web site was searched to determine the status of federal bills regarding bath salts. The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy and Drug Enforcement Administration Web sites and the Federal Register were also examined to identify legislation on bath salts.
Case reports and studies regarding bath salts were examined. Federal laws involving bath salts were also evaluated.
The Department of Justice issued a final order in the Federal Register, temporarily placing the 3 synthetic stimulants, mephedrone, methylenedioxypyrovalerone, and methylone, under Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. Literature evaluated included case reports, retrospective studies, surveys, toxicology data, and chemical analyses studies. Information in the literature demonstrated that bath salts are highly abused, and common adverse effects include hypertension, tachycardia, and psychiatric symptoms.
Psychoactive substances recently sold as bath salts have been placed in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. Pharmacists can play an important role in raising awareness on the dangers of bath salts abuse through patient counseling and community outreach programs. The evidence on legal status and patterns of abuse clearly demonstrates that bath salts contain dangerous substances that should be permanently controlled.
综述浴盐的现行法律地位和滥用模式。
通过 MEDLINE（1950 年-2011 年 12 月）、PubMed（1966 年-2011 年 12 月）、EMBASE（1966 年-2011 年 12 月）和国际药学文摘（1970 年-2011 年 12 月）检索 MEDLINE、PubMed、EMBASE 和国际药学文摘，使用检索词浴盐、Mephedrone 和 3,4-亚甲基二氧吡咯戊酮，以确定关于浴盐法律地位的文章和专门研究浴盐滥用模式的文章。在 GovTrack.us 网站上搜索了有关浴盐的联邦法案的现状。还查阅了国家药剂师协会和美国缉毒局的网站以及《联邦公报》，以确定关于浴盐的立法。
检查了关于浴盐的病例报告和研究。还评估了涉及浴盐的联邦法律。
美国司法部在《联邦公报》上发布了一项最终命令，将 3 种合成兴奋剂——Mephedrone、3,4-亚甲基二氧吡咯戊酮和甲基酮——临时归入《管制物质法》附表 I。评估的文献包括病例报告、回顾性研究、调查、毒理学数据和化学分析研究。文献中的信息表明，浴盐被高度滥用，常见的不良反应包括高血压、心动过速和精神症状。
最近作为浴盐出售的精神活性物质已被归入《管制物质法》附表 I。药剂师可以通过对患者的咨询和社区外展计划，在提高对浴盐滥用危害的认识方面发挥重要作用。关于法律地位和滥用模式的证据清楚地表明，浴盐含有应永久管制的危险物质。
