Prygiel Marta, Janaszek-Seydlitz Wiesława, Bucholc Bozena
Zakład Badania Surowic i Szczepionek Narodowego Instytutu Zdrowia Publicznego - Państwowego Zakładu Higieny w Warszawie.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2011;65(4):621-8.
All vaccines against tuberculosis used actually over the world contain Mycobacterium bovis BCG strains (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) as active substance. Strain BCG, that was obtained in 1921 by Calmette and Guerin after 13 years ofpassaging on the potato-glicerol medium with addition of bile, was distributed to many laboratories for vaccine production. The repeated passages of M. bovis BCG strain in different culture conditions caused the numerous mutations and formation of many BCG substrains that differed according to efficacy and safety. The review of many publications related to genetic differences between BCG substrains was performed for identify the genes responsible for their virulence and protective characteristics. Possibility of development of new generation vaccines against tuberculosis is discussed.
全球实际使用的所有抗结核疫苗都含有牛分枝杆菌卡介苗菌株（卡介苗）作为活性物质。卡介苗菌株是卡尔梅特和介兰于1921年在添加胆汁的马铃薯甘油培养基上连续传代13年后获得的，已分发给许多实验室用于疫苗生产。牛分枝杆菌卡介苗菌株在不同培养条件下的反复传代导致了大量突变，并形成了许多在效力和安全性方面存在差异的卡介苗亚菌株。对许多与卡介苗亚菌株之间遗传差异相关的出版物进行了综述，以确定负责其毒力和保护特性的基因。还讨论了开发新一代抗结核疫苗的可能性。
