Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, Japan.
Child Neuropsychol. 2013;19(3):276-91. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2012.658364. Epub 2012 Mar 5.
Few studies have examined the development of Prepotent Response Inhibition (Nigg's interference control) from childhood to adulthood. This cross-sectional study examined differences in Prepotent Response Inhibition among children of 5 age groups: twenty 5- to 6-year-olds, twenty-one 7- to 8-year-olds, twenty-two 9- to 10-year-olds, eighteen 11- to 12-year-olds, and 24 young adults (18- to 24-year-olds). Participants were administered two Stroop-like tasks: the Real Animal Size Test described in 2009 by Catale and Meulemans, which requires that participants decide the real size of animals (big vs. small) displayed in a mismatching pictorial size; and the Pictorial Animal Size Test (an original test), which requires that participants report the pictorial size of the animals. Results showed clear differences between the tests. The Pictorial Animal Size Test elicited robust interference whereas the Real Animal Size Test elicited no interference. The Pictorial Animal Size Test also revealed the development of Prepotent Response Inhibition in children of 5-12 years and between children and young adults. These results were discussed with respect to differences in strengths of processing. The Pictorial Animal Size Test can be a useful tool for assessment of Prepotent Response Inhibition in children older than 5 years of age.
很少有研究从儿童期到成年期考察潜在反应抑制（Nigg 的干扰控制）的发展。本横断面研究考察了 5 个年龄组儿童之间潜在反应抑制的差异：20 名 5 至 6 岁儿童、21 名 7 至 8 岁儿童、22 名 9 至 10 岁儿童、18 名 11 至 12 岁儿童和 24 名年轻成年人（18 至 24 岁）。参与者接受了两项类似 Stroop 的任务：2009 年 Catale 和 Meulemans 描述的真实动物大小测试，要求参与者判断显示在不匹配的图片大小中的动物的实际大小（大与小）；以及图片动物大小测试（原创测试），要求参与者报告动物的图片大小。结果显示两种测试之间存在明显差异。图片动物大小测试引起了强烈的干扰，而真实动物大小测试则没有引起干扰。图片动物大小测试还揭示了 5 至 12 岁儿童以及儿童与年轻成年人之间潜在反应抑制的发展。这些结果与处理强度的差异有关。图片动物大小测试可以成为评估 5 岁以上儿童潜在反应抑制的有用工具。
