Blödow A, Bloching M, Hörmann K, Walther L E
HNO-Klinik, Helios-Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Deutschland.
HNO. 2012 Mar;60(3):249-59; quiz 260-1. doi: 10.1007/s00106-011-2438-1.
Perturbation of semicircular canal function may result in a pathological angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR). The resulting impairment in gaze stabilization is perceived as "vertigo" or "dizziness" and may occur following receptor function impairment of all three semicircular canals. The head impulse test reveals hidden (covert-catchup) or visible (overt-catchup) saccades in disturbances of semicircular function. Most peripheral vestibular disorders can be treated conservatively. There are surgical treatment options for some diseases, such as intractable benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and superior semicircular canal dehiscence. Vestibular training promotes central reorganization of the VOR. Impaired semicircular receptor function, in particular bilateral vestibulopathy, may affect spatial orientation and cognitive processes. Balance prostheses could serve as a replacement for receptors in the future.
半规管功能紊乱可能导致病理性角前庭眼反射（aVOR）。由此导致的注视稳定功能受损会被感知为“眩晕”或“头晕”，并且可能在所有三个半规管的感受器功能受损后出现。头部脉冲试验可揭示半规管功能障碍时隐藏的（隐蔽性追赶）或明显的（显性追赶）扫视。大多数外周前庭疾病可以保守治疗。对于一些疾病，如难治性良性阵发性位置性眩晕和上半规管裂，有手术治疗选择。前庭训练可促进VOR的中枢重组。半规管感受器功能受损，尤其是双侧前庭病，可能会影响空间定向和认知过程。未来，平衡假体可以替代感受器。
