Alhabib Salman F, Saliba Issam
Otology and Neurotology Fellow, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery - Otology and Neurotology, Montreal University Hospital Center (CHUM), University of Montreal, 1560, rue Sherbrooke East, Montreal, QC, H2L 4M1, Canada.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Mar;274(3):1215-1222. doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-4157-4. Epub 2016 Jun 21.
Video head impulse test (vHIT) is a new testing which able to identify the overt and covert saccades and study the gain of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) of each semicircular canal. The aim of this study is to review the clinical use of vHIT in patients with vestibular disorders in different diseases. PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for all articles that defined vHIT, compared vHIT with another clinical test, and studied the efficacy of vHIT as diagnostic tools with vestibular disease. 37 articles about vHIT were reviewed. All articles studied the vHIT in English and French languages up to May 2015 were included in the review. Editorial articles or short comments, conference abstracts, animal studies, and language restriction were excluded from the review. Four systems were used in the literature to do the vHIT. vHIT is physiological quick test, which studied the VOR at high frequency of each semicircular canal by calculating the duration ratio between the head impulse and gaze deviation. vHIT is more sensitive than clinical head impulse test (cHIT), especially in patient with isolated covert saccades. vHIT test is diagnostic of vestibular weakness by gain reduction and the appearance of overt and covert saccades. If the vHIT is normal, then caloric test is mandatory to rule out a peripheral origin of vertigo. It is recommended to test each semicircular canal, as isolated vertical canal weakness was identified in the literature. More investigation would be required to determine the evolution of the VOR gain with the progression of the vestibular disease.
视频头脉冲试验（vHIT）是一项新的测试，它能够识别显性和隐性扫视，并研究每个半规管的前庭眼反射（VOR）增益。本研究的目的是回顾vHIT在不同疾病的前庭疾病患者中的临床应用。检索了PubMed和Cochrane数据库中所有定义vHIT、将vHIT与另一项临床测试进行比较以及研究vHIT作为前庭疾病诊断工具疗效的文章。共回顾了37篇关于vHIT的文章。纳入回顾的所有文章均为2015年5月前以英文和法文研究vHIT的文章。编辑文章或简短评论、会议摘要、动物研究以及语言限制均被排除在回顾之外。文献中使用了四种系统进行vHIT。vHIT是一种生理学快速测试，通过计算头部脉冲与注视偏差之间的持续时间比，研究每个半规管在高频下的VOR。vHIT比临床头脉冲试验（cHIT）更敏感，尤其是在孤立性隐性扫视的患者中。vHIT测试通过增益降低以及显性和隐性扫视的出现来诊断前庭功能减退。如果vHIT正常，则必须进行冷热试验以排除眩晕的外周起源。建议测试每个半规管，因为文献中已发现孤立的垂直半规管功能减退。需要更多的研究来确定VOR增益随前庭疾病进展的变化情况。
