International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Apr;54 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S117-23. doi: 10.1093/cid/cir1066.
Methods for the identification and selection of patients (cases) with severe or very severe pneumonia and controls for the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) project were needed. Issues considered include eligibility criteria and sampling strategies, whether to enroll hospital or community controls, whether to exclude controls with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) or nonsevere pneumonia, and matching criteria, among others. PERCH ultimately decided to enroll community controls and an additional human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected control group at high HIV-prevalence sites matched on age and enrollment date of cases; controls with symptoms of URTI or nonsevere pneumonia will not be excluded. Systematic sampling of cases (when necessary) and random sampling of controls will be implemented. For each issue, we present the options that were considered, the advantages and disadvantages of each, the rationale for the methods selected for PERCH, and remaining implications and limitations.
方法的鉴定和选择的病人(病例)和严重或非常严重肺炎对照肺炎病因研究儿童健康(PERCH)项目是必要的。考虑的问题包括资格标准和抽样策略，是否招收医院或社区的对照，是否排除对照上呼吸道感染(URTI)或非严重肺炎，和匹配标准，等等。PERCH 最终决定招收社区对照和另外一组人免疫缺陷病毒(艾滋病毒)感染对照组在高艾滋病毒流行地区匹配的年龄和登记日期的情况下，有症状的 URTI 或非严重肺炎的对照组将不会被排除。将对病例进行系统抽样(如有必要)，对对照组进行随机抽样。对于每个问题，我们将介绍所考虑的选项、每种选项的优缺点、为 PERCH 选择方法的基本原理，以及剩余的影响和限制。
