Department of Biology and Duke Center for Systems Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2012;63:563-90. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042811-105501. Epub 2012 Feb 9.
The Arabidopsis root has been the subject of intense research over the past decades. This research has led to significantly improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying root development. Key insights into the specification of individual cell types, cell patterning, growth and differentiation, branching of the primary root, and responses of the root to the environment have been achieved. Transcription factors and plant hormones play key regulatory roles. Recently, mechanisms involving protein movement and the oscillation of gene expression have also been uncovered. Root gene regulatory networks controlling root development have been reconstructed from genome-wide profiling experiments, revealing novel molecular connections and models. Future refinement of these models will lead to a more complete description of the complex molecular interactions that give rise to a simple growing root.
在过去的几十年里，拟南芥根一直是研究的热点。这一研究极大地促进了我们对根发育的分子机制的理解。在单个细胞类型的特化、细胞模式形成、生长和分化、主根分枝以及根对环境的响应等方面，我们已经取得了关键性的认识。转录因子和植物激素起着关键的调节作用。最近，与蛋白质运动和基因表达的振荡有关的机制也已经被揭示。通过对全基因组表达谱实验的分析，构建了控制根发育的根基因调控网络，揭示了新的分子联系和模型。对这些模型的进一步细化将导致对产生简单生长根的复杂分子相互作用的更完整描述。
