Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Institute of Biomedical Research, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Public Health. 2013 Apr;23(2):217-22. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cks015. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
We aimed to quantify the number of women and men, in Catalonia, among those not achieving physical activity recommendations, making short motorized trips which could have been made on foot, and to estimate the annual economic benefit due to reducing mortality as a result of replacing one short, daily, motorized journey with walking.
Cross-sectional study. Mobility data came from individuals >17 years who reported, in the 2006 Daily Mobility Survey, having travelled on the referred working day (N = 80,552). The health economic assessment tool for walking (HEAT) from the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe was used to calculate the economic benefit.
Of those not meeting recommendations, 15.6% of men (95% CI 15.2-16.1) and 13.9% of women (95% CI 13.5-14.4) would go on to meet them if they were to replace at least one short motorized trip per day by walking. If applied to the entire population of Catalonia, this change would increase up to 326,557 men (95% CI 313 373-339,740) and up to 252,509 women (95% CI 240,855-264,163) who would achieve recommendations through walking rather than driving. According to HEAT estimations, this would suppose a saving of €124,216,000 (95% CI 120,182,000-128,250,000) in men and €84,927,000 (95% CI 81,774,000-88,079,000) in women, derived from the reduction in mortality gained from walking accumulated over one year.
This study demonstrates the potential of trips on foot as a source of physical activity. It also points out that both benefits for the health of the population and a huge economic benefit could have been gained through active transportation interventions.
本研究旨在量化在加泰罗尼亚，无法达到身体活动建议的女性和男性人数，以及那些本可以步行完成但却选择开车短距离出行的人数，并估计由于将每天一次的短距离开车出行替换为步行而减少死亡率所带来的年度经济效益。
本研究为一项横断面研究。移动性数据来自于在 2006 年日常移动性调查中报告了在参照工作日出行的 17 岁以上个体（N=80552）。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）欧洲区域办事处的步行健康经济评估工具（HEAT）来计算经济效益。
在未达到建议的人群中，如果他们每天至少将一次短距离开车出行替换为步行，那么 15.6%的男性（95%置信区间 15.2-16.1）和 13.9%的女性（95%置信区间 13.5-14.4）将会达到建议。如果将这一变化应用于加泰罗尼亚的全部人口，那么将会增加 326557 名男性（95%置信区间 313373-339740）和 252509 名女性（95%置信区间 240855-264163）达到步行建议。根据 HEAT 的估计，这将意味着男性可节省 12421.6 万欧元（95%置信区间 12018.2 万欧元-12825.0 万欧元），女性可节省 8492.7 万欧元（95%置信区间 8177.4 万欧元-8807.9 万欧元），这是由于在一年内步行所带来的死亡率降低而获得的经济效益。
本研究证明了步行出行作为身体活动来源的潜力。此外，通过积极的交通干预措施，不仅可以提高人群健康水平，还能带来巨大的经济效益。
