Vårdalinstitutet, Swedish Institute for Health Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012 Mar;60(3):447-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03861.x.
To examine the outcomes of the Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone study, which was designed to evaluate whether it is possible to delay deterioration if a health-promoting intervention is made when an older adult (≥80) is at risk of becoming frail and whether a multiprofessional group intervention is more effective in delaying deterioration than a single preventive home visit with regard to frailty, self-rated health, and activities of daily living (ADLs) at 3-month follow-up.
Randomized, three-armed, single-blind, controlled trial performed between November 2007 and May 2011.
Two urban districts of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Four hundred fifty-nine community-living adults aged 80 and older not dependent on the municipal home help service.
A preventive home visit or four weekly multiprofessional senior group meetings with one follow-up home visit.
Change in frailty, self-rated health, and ADLs between baseline and 3-month follow-up.
Both interventions delayed deterioration of self-rated health (odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12-3.54). Senior meetings were the most beneficial intervention for postponing dependence in ADLs (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.14-3.33). No effect on frailty could be demonstrated.
Health-promoting interventions made when older adults are at risk of becoming frail can delay deterioration in self-rated health and ADLs in the short term. A multiprofessional group intervention such as the senior meetings described seems to have a greater effect on delaying deterioration in ADLs than a single preventive home visit. Further research is needed to examine the outcome in the long term and in different contexts.
探讨 Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone 研究的结果，该研究旨在评估当老年人（≥80 岁）有虚弱风险时，进行健康促进干预是否可以延缓其虚弱程度的恶化，以及多专业小组干预是否比单一的预防家访更能延缓虚弱、自我评估健康和日常生活活动（ADL）在 3 个月随访时的恶化。
2007 年 11 月至 2011 年 5 月期间进行的随机、三臂、单盲、对照试验。
瑞典哥德堡的两个市区。
459 名居住在社区、年龄在 80 岁及以上、不依赖市家庭援助服务的成年人。
预防家访或每周四次多专业老年人小组会议，随后进行一次家访。
从基线到 3 个月随访时虚弱、自我评估健康和 ADL 的变化。
两种干预措施均延迟了自我评估健康的恶化（比值比（OR）=1.99，95%置信区间（CI）=1.12-3.54）。老年人会议是推迟 ADL 依赖最有益的干预措施（OR=1.95，95%CI=1.14-3.33）。未能证明对虚弱有影响。
当老年人有虚弱风险时进行健康促进干预可以在短期内延缓自我评估健康和 ADL 的恶化。多专业小组干预，如描述的老年人会议，似乎比单一的预防家访更能延缓 ADL 的恶化。需要进一步研究以在长期和不同环境中检查结果。
