Research Institute for Child Health, National Hospital of Pediatrics, 18/879 La Thanh Road, Dong Da district, Hanoi, Vietnam.
BMC Pediatr. 2012 Mar 12;12:26. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-26.
Good infant growth is important for future health. Assessing growth is common in pediatric care all over the world, both at the population and individual level. There are few studies of birth weight and growth studies comparing urban and rural communities in Vietnam. The first aim is to describe and compare the birth weight distributions and physical growth (weight and length) of children during their first year in one rural and one urban area of Hanoi Vietnam. The second aim is to study associations between the anthropometric outcomes and indicators of the economic and educational situations.
Totally 1,466 children, born from 1st March, 2009 to June 2010, were followed monthly from birth to 12 months of age in two Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites; one rural and one urban. In all, 14,199 measurements each of weight and length were made. Birth weight was recorded separately. Information about demographic conditions, education, occupation and economic conditions of persons and households was obtained from household surveys. Fractional Polynomial models and standard statistical methods were used for description and analysis.
Urban infants have higher birth weight and gain weight faster than rural infants. The mean birth weight for urban boys and girls were 3,298 grams and 3,203 grams as compared to 3,105 grams and 3,057 grams for rural children. At 90 days, the urban boys were estimated to be 4.1% heavier than rural boys. This difference increased to 7.2% at 360 days. The corresponding difference for girls was 3.4% and 10.5%. The differences for length were comparatively smaller. Both birth weight and growth were statistically significantly and positively associated with economic conditions and mother education.
Birth weight was lower and the growth, weight and length, considerably slower in the rural area, for boys as well as for girls. The results support the hypothesis that the rather drastic differences in maternal education and economic conditions lead to poor nutrition for mothers and children in turn causing inferior birth weight and growth.
良好的婴儿生长对未来健康很重要。评估生长情况是全世界儿科护理中的常见做法，无论是在人群层面还是个体层面。在越南，关于城市和农村社区的出生体重和生长研究较少。第一项研究旨在描述和比较在越南河内的一个农村和一个城市地区，儿童在其生命第一年的出生体重分布和身体生长（体重和长度）情况。第二项研究旨在研究人体测量结果与经济和教育状况指标之间的关联。
总共 1466 名儿童，于 2009 年 3 月 1 日至 2010 年 6 月期间出生，在两个卫生和人口监测站点（一个农村和一个城市）从出生开始每月进行随访，直到 12 个月大。共进行了 14199 次体重和长度测量。分别记录出生体重。从家庭调查中获得有关人口状况、教育、职业和个人及家庭经济状况的信息。使用分数多项式模型和标准统计方法进行描述和分析。
城市婴儿的出生体重更高，体重增长速度更快。城市男婴和女婴的平均出生体重分别为 3298 克和 3203 克，而农村婴儿的平均出生体重分别为 3105 克和 3057 克。90 天时，城市男婴估计比农村男婴重 4.1%。这一差异在 360 天时增加到 7.2%。对于女婴，这一差异为 3.4%和 10.5%。长度方面的差异相对较小。出生体重和生长均与经济条件和母亲教育呈显著正相关。
农村地区的出生体重较低，男孩和女孩的生长速度、体重和长度都较慢。研究结果支持这样一种假设，即母亲教育和经济条件的差异较大导致母亲和儿童营养较差，从而导致出生体重和生长较差。
