Delgado H L, Valverde V E, Martorell R, Klein R E
Early Hum Dev. 1982 Jul;6(3):273-86. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(82)90121-9.
A cohort of all infants born between January 1, 1969 and February 28, 1977 in four rural villages in Eastern Guatemala which were participating in a longitudinal project of nutrition and mental development was studied. As part of the study, prospective information on anthropometric measurements, morbidity, dietary intake and socioeconomic and cultural characteristics was collected. In addition, two types of food supplements were distributed: calorie and protein-calorie. Attendance at the feeding centers in each village and the amount of supplements consumed by children and pregnant and lactating mothers were recorded daily. We studied the effect of the supplements consumed by the mother during pregnancy and lactation and by the infant on trimestral infant weight and length changes during the first year of life. The data indicate that infant calorie supplementation before three months of age is significantly and negatively associated with infant growth; after three months of age, supplemental calories consumed by the infant are significantly and positively associated with infant weight and length gains. In addition, a small positive association was found between maternal caloric supplementation during lactation and infant growth during the first two trimesters of life, after controlling for potentially confounding factors for which data are available in this study.
对1969年1月1日至1977年2月28日期间出生在危地马拉东部四个参与营养与智力发育纵向项目的乡村的所有婴儿进行了队列研究。作为研究的一部分，收集了有关人体测量、发病率、饮食摄入以及社会经济和文化特征的前瞻性信息。此外，分发了两种类型的食品补充剂：热量补充剂和蛋白质热量补充剂。每天记录每个村庄喂养中心的出勤情况以及儿童、孕妇和哺乳期母亲所消耗补充剂的数量。我们研究了母亲在孕期和哺乳期以及婴儿所消耗的补充剂对婴儿出生后第一年中每三个月体重和身长变化的影响。数据表明，三个月龄前婴儿补充热量与婴儿生长显著负相关；三个月龄后，婴儿消耗的补充热量与婴儿体重和身长增加显著正相关。此外，在控制了本研究中可获得数据的潜在混杂因素后，发现哺乳期母亲补充热量与婴儿生命前两个孕期的生长之间存在小的正相关。
