Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Science. 2012 Mar 16;335(6074):1344-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1215933.
The assumption that climatic niche requirements of invasive species are conserved between their native and invaded ranges is key to predicting the risk of invasion. However, this assumption has been challenged recently by evidence of niche shifts in some species. Here, we report the first large-scale test of niche conservatism for 50 terrestrial plant invaders between Eurasia, North America, and Australia. We show that when analog climates are compared between regions, fewer than 15% of species have more than 10% of their invaded distribution outside their native climatic niche. These findings reveal that substantial niche shifts are rare in terrestrial plant invaders, providing support for an appropriate use of ecological niche models for the prediction of both biological invasions and responses to climate change.
入侵物种的气候生态位需求在其原生范围和入侵范围之间保持一致的假设，是预测入侵风险的关键。然而，最近的一些证据表明，这种假设受到了挑战，一些物种的生态位发生了转移。在这里，我们报告了对欧亚大陆、北美洲和澳大利亚的 50 种陆生植物入侵种的第一个大规模的生态位保守性的检验。我们表明，当在区域之间比较相似的气候时，只有不到 15%的物种有超过 10%的入侵分布在其原生气候生态位之外。这些发现表明，在陆生植物入侵种中，大量的生态位转移是罕见的，这为生态位模型在预测生物入侵和对气候变化的响应方面的适当应用提供了支持。
