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眼球运动使注意瞬脱发生。

Eye movements blink the attentional blink.

机构信息

Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Physics Department, Exact and Natural Science School, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

出版信息

J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2012 Jun;38(3):555-60. doi: 10.1037/a0027729. Epub 2012 Mar 19.

DOI:10.1037/a0027729
PMID:22428678
Abstract

When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession, participants often fail to detect a second salient target, a phenomenon referred as the attentional blink (AB; Raymond, Shapiro, & Arnell, 1992; Shapiro, Raymond, & Arnell, 1997). On the basis of a vast corpus of experiments, several cognitive theories suggest that the blink results from a discrete structuring of attention, sampling information from temporal episodes during which several items can access encoding process (Wyble, Bowman, & Nieuwenstein, 2009; Wyble, Potter, Bowman, & Nieuwenstein, 2011). The objective of this work is to explore the AB when multiple items are presented at the fovea during ocular movements. The authors reasoned that each fixation may cohesively form an episode and hence expected that the blink may vanish within a single fixation. In turn, they expected saccades to accentuate episodic borders and hence shorten the regime of interference when 2 targets are presented fovealy in successive fixations. Evidence is provided in favor of this hypothesis, showing that the blink vanishes when both targets are presented in the core of a single fixation (far from the saccadic boundaries) and that it recovers more rapidly in successive fixations. These studies support current views that episodes should have an effect on the AB and provide evidence that eye movements play an important role in the formation of episodes.

摘要

当一系列视觉刺激快速连续呈现时,参与者经常无法检测到第二个显著的目标,这种现象被称为注意瞬脱(AB;Raymond、Shapiro 和 Arnell,1992;Shapiro、Raymond 和 Arnell,1997)。基于大量实验,几种认知理论认为,瞬脱是注意力离散结构的结果,从几个项目可以访问编码过程的时间片段中采样信息(Wyble、Bowman 和 Nieuwenstein,2009;Wyble、Potter、Bowman 和 Nieuwenstein,2011)。这项工作的目的是探索在眼球运动期间多个项目在中央凹呈现时的 AB。作者推断,每个注视可能会凝聚成一个片段,因此预计在单个注视内瞬脱可能会消失。反过来,他们预计扫视会强调片段边界,从而缩短当 2 个目标在连续注视中在中央凹呈现时的干扰阶段。该假设得到了支持证据的支持,表明当两个目标都呈现于单个注视的核心(远离扫视边界)时,瞬脱会消失,并且在连续注视中恢复得更快。这些研究支持了当前的观点,即片段应该对 AB 产生影响,并提供了证据表明眼球运动在片段形成中起着重要作用。

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