Berti Stefan
Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Neuroreport. 2012 May 9;23(7):441-6. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32835308b5.
Automatic detection of rare stimuli or changes in an auditory stimulation can distract ongoing task processing by attracting attention away from task relevant information. Typically, the effectiveness of auditory change detection is tested by rare and unpredictable deviations (compared with an otherwise regular auditory presentation) or by rare environmental sounds. The present study demonstrates that both types of stimuli are capable of triggering automatic orientation of attention and that rare environmental sounds are more effective than deviations in distraction of attention. This finding suggests different mechanisms underlying the detection of auditory change. Moreover, novelty as constituted by unique environmental sounds did not add to the effectiveness of automatic change detection, involuntary control of attention, and distraction.
自动检测听觉刺激中的罕见刺激或变化，会通过将注意力从与任务相关的信息上吸引开，从而干扰正在进行的任务处理。通常，听觉变化检测的有效性是通过罕见且不可预测的偏差（与常规听觉呈现相比）或罕见的环境声音来测试的。本研究表明，这两种类型的刺激都能够触发注意力的自动定向，并且罕见的环境声音在分散注意力方面比偏差更有效。这一发现表明了听觉变化检测背后存在不同的机制。此外，由独特环境声音构成的新颖性，并未增加自动变化检测、注意力的非自愿控制和分散注意力的有效性。
