National Reference Center for AIDS, Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Clin Virol. 2012 Jun;54(2):174-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.02.023. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
Hepatitis B virus infection is frequent among Amerindians. In Argentina HBV genotypes A, B, C, D, E, F and H were described in different populations, while some cases of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) were reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfected patients.
To determine the prevalence, genetic diversity of HBV and to analyze the deduced amino acid sequence of both S and viral polymerase (P) genes among Amerindians of Argentina.
A cross-sectional study including 561 individuals belonging to distinct ethnic groups, the Mbyá-guaraní (MG), the Kolla (K), the Sagua-Huarpe (SH) and the Wichi (W) was performed.
The prevalence of HBsAg was 1.7% and 1.4% for the MG and SH, respectively, while anti-HBc was detected in all communities. HBV DNA of S/P and preCore-Core genomic regions were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction in 59 reactive samples for anti-HBc total Ig and/or HBsAg. Of them, thirteen exhibited detectable HBV DNA, eleven of which were identified as OBI. Genotype F was predominant in the MG community with co-circulation of subgenotypes F4, F1b, A2 and D3, while subgenotype C2 prevailed within the SH community. All cases exhibited the polymorphism rtL217R within the RT domain associated to resistance to adefovir. Mutations rtD206E and rtV207I associated with lamivudine resistance were found in two MG and three SH respectively. Other new substitutions were described within the P sequence.
This study shows for the first time the predominance of OBI, HBV subgenotypes and natural variants in Amerindians from Argentina.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染在美洲印第安人中较为常见。在阿根廷，已在不同人群中描述了 HBV 基因型 A、B、C、D、E、F 和 H，同时在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）合并感染患者中也报告了隐匿性乙型肝炎感染（OBI）病例。
确定阿根廷美洲印第安人 HBV 的流行率、遗传多样性，并分析 S 和病毒聚合酶（P）基因的推导氨基酸序列。
进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入来自不同族群的 561 名个体，包括 Mbyá-guaraní（MG）、Kolla（K）、Sagua-Huarpe（SH）和 Wichi（W）。
MG 和 SH 的 HBsAg 流行率分别为 1.7%和 1.4%，而所有社区均检测到抗-HBc。通过巢式聚合酶链反应，在 59 份针对抗-HBc 总 Ig 和/或 HBsAg 的反应性样本中扩增了 S/P 和前核心-核心基因组区域的 HBV DNA。其中，13 份显示可检测到 HBV DNA，其中 11 份为 OBI。MG 社区中主要流行基因型 F，同时存在 F4、F1b、A2 和 D3 亚基因型的循环，而 SH 社区中主要流行亚基因型 C2。所有病例均在 RT 结构域内显示与阿德福韦耐药相关的 rtL217R 多态性。在两个 MG 和三个 SH 中分别发现了与拉米夫定耐药相关的 rtD206E 和 rtV207I 突变。还在 P 序列内描述了其他新的取代。
本研究首次在阿根廷的美洲印第安人中显示了 OBI、HBV 亚基因型和自然变异的流行。
