Gutiérrez-Pascual M, Vicente-Martín F J, López-Estebaranz J L
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012 Jan;103(1):21-8. doi: 10.1016/j.adengl.2011.05.004. Epub 2012 Mar 24.
Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory disease that can progress to malignancy. The literature indicates an association with anogenital squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma. Two pathogenic pathways, differentiated vulvar and penile intraepithelial neoplasias, which have recently been described in relation to squamous cell carcinoma, are both highly associated with genital lichen sclerosus independently of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Furthermore, tumor-promoting molecular changes unrelated to HPV infection have been demonstrated and may explain the malignant potential of lichen sclerosus. The possible relationship between HPV and genital lichen sclerosus currently remains open to discussion, and the prognostic importance of the overlapping of these 2 diseases is still unclear. This review considers the relationship between lichen sclerosus and squamous cell and verrucous carcinomas, the possible oncogenic mechanisms involved, and their possible association with HPV infection.
硬化性苔藓是一种可进展为恶性肿瘤的慢性炎症性疾病。文献表明其与肛门生殖器鳞状细胞癌和疣状癌有关。最近描述的与鳞状细胞癌相关的两种致病途径，即分化型外阴和阴茎上皮内瘤变，均与生殖器硬化性苔藓高度相关，且与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染无关。此外，已证实存在与HPV感染无关的促肿瘤分子变化，这可能解释了硬化性苔藓的恶性潜能。HPV与生殖器硬化性苔藓之间的可能关系目前仍有待讨论，这两种疾病重叠的预后重要性仍不清楚。本文综述了硬化性苔藓与鳞状细胞癌和疣状癌之间的关系、可能涉及的致癌机制以及它们与HPV感染的可能关联。
