Sealy-Jefferson Shawnita, Wing Jeffrey J, Sánchez Brisa N, Brown Devin L, Meurer William J, Smith Melinda A, Morgenstern Lewis B, Lisabeth Lynda D
Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Gend Med. 2012 Apr;9(2):121-8. doi: 10.1016/j.genm.2012.02.002. Epub 2012 Mar 23.
In white populations, age seems to modify the effect of sex on stroke risk, and compared with men, women are protected from stroke until approximately age 75 to 85 years, after which the protection is lost or reversed. Compared with non-Hispanic whites (NHWs), Mexican Americans (MAs) are at higher risk of stroke; however, age- and sex-specific stroke incidence data are currently not available for this population.
This study was performed to compare the age-specific sex differences in stroke risk in MAs and NHWs.
Data were derived from the BASIC (Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi) Project, a population-based stroke surveillance study conducted in Nueces County Texas. Incident strokes (n = 2421, including ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) that occurred between January 1, 2000 and May 25, 2007 in individuals aged 45 years or older were included in the analysis. Poisson regression using the generalized additive models framework was used to analyze the relationship between sex, age (5-year intervals), and race/ethnicity (NHW or MA) and incident stroke risk.
Among both NHWs and MAs aged 45 to 79 years, men were at higher risk of stroke than women were. The magnitude of increased stroke risk in men compared with women diminished with age, and after age 79 years, no sex difference in stroke risk was observed.
Reasons for the loss of protection from stroke in aging women of all races/ethnicities are not fully understood, and further study is warranted.
在白人人群中，年龄似乎会改变性别对中风风险的影响。与男性相比，女性在大约75至85岁之前受到中风的保护，之后这种保护作用消失或逆转。与非西班牙裔白人（NHW）相比，墨西哥裔美国人（MA）患中风的风险更高；然而，目前尚无该人群按年龄和性别划分的中风发病率数据。
本研究旨在比较墨西哥裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人中风风险的年龄特异性性别差异。
数据来源于BASIC（科珀斯克里斯蒂脑卒中标监测）项目，这是一项在得克萨斯州努埃塞斯县开展的基于人群的中风监测研究。纳入分析的是2000年1月1日至2007年5月25日期间45岁及以上个体发生的中风事件（n = 2421，包括缺血性中风、脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血）。使用广义相加模型框架的泊松回归分析性别、年龄（以5年为间隔）、种族/族裔（非西班牙裔白人或墨西哥裔美国人）与中风发病风险之间的关系。
在45至79岁的非西班牙裔白人和墨西哥裔美国人中，男性患中风的风险均高于女性。与女性相比，男性中风风险增加的幅度随年龄增长而减小，79岁以后，未观察到中风风险的性别差异。
所有种族/族裔老年女性中风保护作用丧失的原因尚未完全明了，有必要进一步研究。
