Department of Criminology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, BC,Canada, V3W 2M8.
Personal Disord. 2010 Jul;1(3):153-69. doi: 10.1037/a0019269.
Early theoretical conceptualizations suggest psychopathy is a heterogeneous construct whereby psychopathic individuals are found in diverse populations. The current study examined male and female psychopathy subtypes in a large sample of undergraduate students (n = 1229). Model-based cluster analysis of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Short Form (PPI-SF) revealed two clusters in both male and female students. In males, the primary subtype evidenced greater psychopathic personality traits (i.e., Social Potency, Fearlessness, and Impulsive Nonconformity) and lower anxiety (i.e., higher Stress Immunity), whereas the secondary subtype displayed fewer psychopathic personality traits (i.e., Machiavellian Egocentricity and Blame Externalization) and higher anxiety (i.e., lower Stress Immunity). In females, the primary subtype exhibited higher scores across all PPI-SF subscales and lower anxiety whereas the secondary subtype reported lower PPI-SF subscale scores and higher anxiety. Across a diverse array of personality, affective, and behavioral external correlates, differences between the subtypes and with nonpsychopaths emerged. Implications for psychopathy in noninstitutional populations with respect to theory, research, and gender are discussed.
早期的理论概念表明，精神变态是一种异质结构，精神变态个体存在于不同的人群中。本研究在一个大型本科生样本（n=1229）中检查了男性和女性精神变态亚型。基于模型的精神变态人格量表简式（PPI-SF）聚类分析显示，男性和女性学生中都有两个亚群。在男性中，主要亚型表现出更多的精神变态人格特征（即社交能力、无畏和冲动不服从）和较低的焦虑（即较高的应激免疫），而次要亚型表现出较少的精神变态人格特征（即马基雅维利主义的自我中心和归咎于外部）和较高的焦虑（即较低的应激免疫）。在女性中，主要亚型在所有 PPI-SF 分量表上的得分都较高，焦虑程度较低，而次要亚型的 PPI-SF 分量表得分较低，焦虑程度较高。在一系列不同的人格、情感和行为外部关联中，亚群之间以及与非精神变态者之间出现了差异。讨论了非机构人群中精神变态在理论、研究和性别方面的意义。
