Ruigrok T J, de Zeeuw C I, Voogd J
Dept. of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Morphol. 1990;28(2-4):224-39.
After contralateral hemi-cerebellectomy, neurons in the cat inferior olive may either degenerate, appear unchanged (affected) or become hypertrophic. Morphological and physiological aspects of the latter two cell types are studied by means of intracellular recording and injection techniques and compared to normal olivary neurons. It is demonstrated that affected and hypertrophic olivary neurons can be activated by mesodiencephalic stimulation. Affected olivary neurons are morphologically very similar to normal cells. However, they may respond with long latency action potentials only to mesodiencephalic stimulation. Hypertrophic olivary neurons have an enlarged dendritic tree and soma. The soma and proximal dendrites are studded with spine-like processes. Their reaction to mesodiencephalic stimulation is very diverse and may consist of short and/or long latency action potentials that may or may not trigger dendritic spikes. It is argued that olivary hypertrophy does not present either a degenerative or regenerative state, but that both hypertrophic as well as affected olivary neurons can survive axotomy due to a strong and continuous electrotonic coupling, made possible by destruction of the GABAergic cerebellar afferents.
在对侧半小脑切除术后，猫下橄榄核中的神经元可能会发生退化、外观不变（受影响）或肥大。通过细胞内记录和注射技术研究后两种细胞类型的形态和生理方面，并与正常橄榄核神经元进行比较。结果表明，受影响的和肥大的橄榄核神经元可被中脑间脑刺激激活。受影响的橄榄核神经元在形态上与正常细胞非常相似。然而，它们可能仅对中脑间脑刺激产生长潜伏期动作电位反应。肥大的橄榄核神经元具有扩大的树突树和胞体。胞体和近端树突上布满了棘状突起。它们对中脑间脑刺激的反应非常多样，可能包括短潜伏期和/或长潜伏期动作电位，这些动作电位可能会或不会引发树突棘电位。有人认为，橄榄核肥大既不代表退化状态也不代表再生状态，而是肥大的和受影响的橄榄核神经元由于GABA能小脑传入纤维的破坏而实现的强大而持续的电紧张耦合，都可以在轴突切断后存活下来。
