Pediatrics. 2012 Apr;129(4):e1104-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-0147. Epub 2012 Mar 26.
Health care-associated infections in the NICU are a major clinical problem resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, prolonged length of hospital stays, and increased medical costs. Neonates are at high risk for health care-associated infections because of impaired host defense mechanisms, limited amounts of protective endogenous flora on skin and mucosal surfaces at time of birth, reduced barrier function of neonatal skin, the use of invasive procedures and devices, and frequent exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics. This statement will review the epidemiology and diagnosis of health care-associated infections in newborn infants.
新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中的医源性感染是一个主要的临床问题，可导致发病率和死亡率增加、住院时间延长和医疗费用增加。新生儿由于宿主防御机制受损、出生时皮肤和黏膜表面保护性内源性菌群数量有限、新生儿皮肤屏障功能降低、频繁使用有创操作和器械以及广泛接触广谱抗生素，因此处于医源性感染的高风险中。本论述将回顾新生儿医源性感染的流行病学和诊断。
