Nandakumar A, Thimmasetty K T, Sreeramareddy N M, Venugopal T C, Vinutha A T, Bhargava M K
Department of Population Based Cancer Registry, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
Br J Cancer. 1990 Nov;62(5):847-51. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1990.392.
A case-control study on cancers of the oral cavity was conducted by utilising data from the population based cancer registry. Bangalore, India. Three hundred and forty-eight cases of cancers of the oral cavity (excluding base tongue) were age and sex matched with controls from the same residential area but with no evidence of cancer. The relative risk due to pan tobacco chewing was elevated in both males and females, being appreciably higher in the latter (relative risk 25.3%; 95% confidence interval 11.2-57.3). A statistically significant (linear test for trend P less than 0.001) dose response based on years, times per day and period of time chewed was seen. Any smoking (cigarette or bidi or both) had only slightly elevated risk of developing oral cancer, whereas a history of alcohol drinking or inhalation of snuff did not influence the risk. A new finding of our study was the markedly elevated risk of oral cancer in persons consuming ragi (Eleusine coracana, family graminae) in comparison to those not consuming ragi as staple cereal in their diet. There also appeared to be some interaction between ragi consumption and tobacco chewing with substantially higher relative risks in those who pursued both habits compared to those who gave a history of either.
利用印度班加罗尔基于人群的癌症登记处的数据，开展了一项口腔癌病例对照研究。348例口腔癌（不包括舌根癌）病例按年龄和性别与来自同一居住区但无癌症证据的对照进行匹配。男性和女性嚼食各种烟草导致的相对风险均有所升高，女性的风险明显更高（相对风险25.3%；95%置信区间11.2 - 57.3）。基于咀嚼年限、每天咀嚼次数和咀嚼时间段，观察到具有统计学意义的剂量反应（趋势线性检验P值小于0.001）。任何形式的吸烟（香烟或比迪烟或两者皆吸）仅略微增加患口腔癌的风险，而饮酒史或鼻烟吸入史并未影响风险。我们研究的一项新发现是，与饮食中不以龙爪稷（黍族穇属）为主食谷物的人相比，食用龙爪稷的人患口腔癌的风险显著升高。食用龙爪稷与嚼食烟草之间似乎也存在某种相互作用，与仅有一种习惯的人相比，同时有这两种习惯的人的相对风险要高得多。
