自我伤害在行为组织中的作用。
The role of self-injury in the organisation of behaviour.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behaviour, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
出版信息
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2012 May;56(5):516-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01552.x. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
BACKGROUND
Self-injuring acts are among the most dramatic behaviours exhibited by human beings. There is no known single cause and there is no universally agreed upon treatment. Sophisticated sequential and temporal analysis of behaviour has provided alternative descriptions of self-injury that provide new insights into its initiation and maintenance.
METHOD
Forty hours of observations for each of 32 participants were collected in a contiguous 2-week period. Twenty categories of behavioural and environmental events were recorded electronically that captured the precise time each observation occurred. Temporal behavioural/environmental patterns associated with self-injurious events were revealed with a method (t-patterns; THEME) for detecting non-linear, real-time patterns.
RESULTS
Results indicated that acts of self-injury contributed both to more patterns and to more complex patterns. Moreover, self-injury left its imprint on the organisation of behaviour even when counts of self-injury were expelled from the continuous record.
CONCLUSIONS
Behaviour of participants was organised in a more diverse array of patterns when self-injurious behaviour was present. Self-injuring acts may function as singular points, increasing coherence within self-organising patterns of behaviour.
背景
自残行为是人类表现出的最引人注目的行为之一。目前还没有已知的单一原因，也没有普遍认可的治疗方法。对行为进行复杂的顺序和时间分析，提供了对自残行为的替代描述，为其启动和维持提供了新的见解。
方法
在连续的 2 周内，对 32 名参与者中的每一名进行了 40 小时的观察。使用一种（时间模式；THEME）检测非线性实时模式的方法，以电子方式记录了 20 类行为和环境事件，这些事件准确地记录了每次观察发生的时间。与自残事件相关的时间性行为/环境模式是通过检测非线性实时模式揭示的。
结果
结果表明，自残行为不仅导致更多的模式，而且导致更复杂的模式。此外，即使从连续记录中剔除自残次数，自残行为也会对行为的组织产生影响。
结论
当自残行为存在时，参与者的行为以更多样化的模式组织起来。自残行为可能作为奇点，增加自我组织行为模式的内聚性。
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