Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;385(6):587-93. doi: 10.1007/s00210-012-0742-2. Epub 2012 Mar 28.
The essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata (clove oil; Family: Myrtaceae) is used in dental care as an antiseptic and analgesic. The study aims to evaluate the effect of clove oil on experimental models of pain and cognition in mice. To observe the acute effects of clove oil at different doses, the elevated plus maze was used for the assessment of cognition, and the tail flick and formalin tests were used for the study of pain. The formalin test showed that clove oil (0.1 ml/kg, i.p.) demonstrated significantly reduced pain response in both the phases. The lower doses (0.025 and 0.05 ml/kg, i.p.) reduced the formalin-induced pain response significantly in the second phase only. The tail-flick test showed variable response. The dose 0.1 ml/kg, clove oil, significantly decreased the tail-flick latency at 30 min and this effect was reversed by naloxone (1 mg/kg). On the contrary, the dose 0.025 ml/kg of clove oil, at 30 and 60 min increased the mean tail-flick latency compared to control group, but this effect was not statistically significant. Yet naloxone significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the effect of clove oil 0.025 ml/kg at 30 min. Clove oil (0.025 and 0.05 ml/kg, i.p.) significantly reversed the scopolamine-induced retention memory deficit induced by scopolamine, but clove oil (0.1 ml/kg, i.p.) significantly reversed both acquisition as well as retention deficits in elevated plus maze induced by the scopolamine. Clove oil exhibits reduced pain response by a predominantly peripheral action as evidenced by formalin test and the tail flick test showed the involvement of opioid receptors. Clove oil also significantly improved scopolamine-induced retention memory deficit at all doses.
丁香油（桃金娘科）用作口腔护理中的防腐剂和镇痛药。本研究旨在评估丁香油对小鼠疼痛和认知实验模型的影响。为了观察丁香油在不同剂量下的急性作用，使用高架十字迷宫评估认知，使用尾巴闪烁和福尔马林测试研究疼痛。福尔马林测试显示，丁香油（0.1ml/kg，ip）在两个阶段均显著减轻疼痛反应。较低剂量（0.025 和 0.05ml/kg，ip）仅在第二阶段显著减轻福尔马林引起的疼痛反应。尾巴闪烁测试显示出不同的反应。丁香油（0.1ml/kg）剂量显著降低了 30 分钟时的尾巴闪烁潜伏期，这种作用被纳洛酮（1mg/kg）逆转。相反，丁香油（0.025ml/kg）剂量在 30 和 60 分钟时增加了与对照组相比的平均尾巴闪烁潜伏期，但这种作用没有统计学意义。然而，纳洛酮在 30 分钟时显著（p<0.05）逆转了丁香油 0.025ml/kg 的作用。丁香油（0.025 和 0.05ml/kg，ip）显著逆转了东莨菪碱引起的记忆障碍，而丁香油（0.1ml/kg，ip）显著逆转了东莨菪碱引起的高架十字迷宫的获得和保留缺陷。丁香油通过主要的外周作用减轻疼痛反应，这一点在福尔马林测试中得到证明，尾巴闪烁测试显示阿片受体的参与。丁香油还显著改善了所有剂量的东莨菪碱引起的保留记忆缺陷。
