Wilcock Donna M
Department of Physiology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 800 S Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2012;2012:170276. doi: 10.1155/2012/170276. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
Down syndrome (DS) is the most genetic cause of mental retardation and is caused by the triplication of chromosome 21. In addition to the disabilities caused early in life, DS is also noted as causing Alzheimer's-disease-like pathological changes in the brain, leading to 50-70% of DS patients showing dementia by 60-70 years of age. Inflammation is a complex process that has a key role to play in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. There is relatively little understood about inflammation in the DS brain and how the genetics of DS may alter this inflammatory response and change the course of disease in the DS brain. The goal of this review is to highlight our current understanding of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease and predict how inflammation may affect the pathology of the DS brain based on this information and the known genetic changes that occur due to triplication of chromosome 21.
唐氏综合征（DS）是智力发育迟缓最常见的遗传病因，由21号染色体三体所致。除了在生命早期引发残疾外，DS还被认为会导致大脑出现类似阿尔茨海默病的病理变化，致使50%至70%的DS患者在60至70岁时出现痴呆症状。炎症是一个复杂的过程，在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中起着关键作用。目前对于DS大脑中的炎症以及DS的遗传学如何改变这种炎症反应并改变DS大脑中的疾病进程了解相对较少。本综述的目的是强调我们目前对阿尔茨海默病炎症的理解，并根据这些信息以及因21号染色体三体而发生的已知基因变化，预测炎症可能如何影响DS大脑的病理学。
