人体通过尿排泄研究表明，可待因和吗啡在消化道中的吸收情况。
The alimentary absorption of diamorphine and morphine in man as indicated by urinary excretion studies.
机构信息
St Christopher's Hospice, Lawrie Park Road, London.
出版信息
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1974 Dec;1(6):491-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1974.tb01699.x.
1 Urine was collected over 24 h from 40 patients with advanced malignant disease who had received a known four-hourly oral dose of either diamorphine or morphine in an elixir or of diamorphine by injection for at least 3 days. 2 Samples were assayed for total urinary morphine (free and conjugated) by gas-liquid chromatography. 3 The percentage of the administered dose recovered as morphine was: (a) diamorphine hydrochloride by injection: 70% (s.d. 25) (b) diamorphine hydrochloride by mouth: 77% (s.d. 27) (c) morphine sulphate by mouth: 56% (s.d. 21) 4 It is suggested that diamorphine hydrochloride is completely absorbed by the gastro-intestinal tract but that morphine sulphate is only some two-thirds absorbed.
从 40 名患有晚期恶性疾病的患者中收集了 24 小时的尿液，这些患者在至少 3 天的时间内接受了已知的每 4 小时口服一次的吗啡或二氢吗啡酮溶液，或者注射二氢吗啡酮。
通过气液色谱法对总尿吗啡（游离和结合）进行了检测。
以 administered dose 的百分比表示，作为吗啡回收的部分为：（a）注射用盐酸二氢吗啡酮：70%（s.d. 25%）；（b）口服盐酸二氢吗啡酮：77%（s.d. 27%）；（c）口服硫酸吗啡：56%（s.d. 21%）。
这表明盐酸二氢吗啡酮被胃肠道完全吸收，而硫酸吗啡仅吸收了大约三分之二。
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