Kruseman M, Berchtold A, Truan J, Duboule L, Faurie H, Emonet E, Volery M
Haute école de santé, filière nutrition et diététique, 25, rue des Caroubiers, 1227 Carouge, Genève, Suisse.
Arch Pediatr. 2012 May;19(5):456-66. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.02.006. Epub 2012 Mar 26.
Improving nutritional knowledge is a frequent goal in nutritional education programs. However, there is a lack of valid instruments to assess nutritional knowledge in children. Questionnaires on nutritional knowledge are usually related to a specific curriculum or program, and their development or validation process is rarely available. Our goal was to develop a valid, self-administered questionnaire to assess nutritional knowledge among French-speaking children and adolescents aged 9-15 years. The conceptual framework and concepts were based on a literature review. For each concept, an expert panel selected a number of items, and successive versions of the questionnaire were pretested. The edited version of a 30-item questionnaire (QuesCA) was administered to 475 children aged 9-15, in two French-speaking cantons in Switzerland. We calculated internal consistency (Cronbach alpha), the rate of correct answers for each question, and the mean scores for each concept. The mean scores were 16.32 (95% CI: [15.69; 16.94]) in the 9- to11-year-olds and 18.62 [18.19; 19.06] in the 12- to 15-year-olds (maximum possible, 30). Beverages, breakfast, fruit, and vegetables were the concepts that gathered the most correct answers. The overall Cronbach alpha score was good (0.66), but as the internal consistency for each concept was low (0.06-0.45), we developed an optimal scale for each age group. The result is a two-part questionnaire: QuesCA 9-11 and QuesCA 12-15, with 9 items each, that enables a rapid and reliable assessment of nutritional knowledge in children and adolescents.
提高营养知识是营养教育项目中一个常见的目标。然而，目前缺乏有效的工具来评估儿童的营养知识。关于营养知识的问卷通常与特定的课程或项目相关，而且其开发或验证过程很少公开。我们的目标是开发一份有效的、可自行填写的问卷，以评估9至15岁法语儿童和青少年的营养知识。概念框架和概念基于文献综述。对于每个概念，一个专家小组选择了一些项目，并对问卷的连续版本进行了预测试。一份由30个项目组成的问卷（QuesCA）的编辑版本被发放给瑞士两个说法语州的475名9至15岁的儿童。我们计算了内部一致性（克朗巴哈系数）、每个问题的正确答案率以及每个概念的平均得分。9至11岁儿童的平均得分为16.32（95%置信区间：[15.69；16.94]），12至15岁儿童的平均得分为18.62[18.19；19.06]（满分30分）。饮料、早餐、水果和蔬菜是获得正确答案最多的概念。总体克朗巴哈系数得分良好（0.66），但由于每个概念的内部一致性较低（0.06 - 0.45），我们为每个年龄组制定了一个最优量表。结果是一份分为两部分的问卷：QuesCA 9 - 11和QuesCA 12 - 15，各有9个项目，能够快速且可靠地评估儿童和青少年的营养知识。
