Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Diabetes Care. 2012 May;35(5):1002-7. doi: 10.2337/dc11-1829. Epub 2012 Mar 28.
Metformin and statins have shown promise for cancer prevention. This study assessed whether the effect of metformin on prostate cancer (PCa) incidence varied by statin use among type 2 diabetic patients.
The study cohort consisted of 5,042 type 2 diabetic male patients seen in the Veteran Administration Health Care System who were without prior cancer and were prescribed with metformin or sulfonylurea as the exclusive hypoglycemic medication between fiscal years 1999 and 2005. Cox proportional hazards analyses were conducted to assess the differential hazard ratio (HR) of PCa due to metformin by statin use versus sulfonylurea use, where propensity scores of metformin and statin use were adjusted to account for imbalances in baseline covariates across medication groups.
Mean follow-up was 5 years, and 7.5% had a PCa diagnosis. Statin use modified the effect of metformin on PCa incidence (P < 0.0001). Metformin was associated with a significantly reduced PCa incidence among patients on statins (HR 0.69 [95% CI 0.50-0.92]; 17 cases/533 metformin users vs. 135 cases/2,404 sulfonylureas users) and an increased PCa incidence among patients not on statins (HR 2.15 [1.83-2.52]; 22 cases/175 metformin users vs. 186 cases/1,930 sulfonylureas users). The HR of PCa incidence for those taking metformin and statins versus those taking neither medication was 0.32 (0.25-0.42).
Among men with type 2 diabetes, PCa incidence among metformin users varied by their statin use. The potential beneficial influence on PCa by combination use of metformin and statin may be due to synergistic effects.
二甲双胍和他汀类药物在癌症预防方面显示出了一定的前景。本研究评估了 2 型糖尿病患者中,二甲双胍对前列腺癌(PCa)发病率的影响是否因他汀类药物的使用而有所不同。
该研究队列由 5042 名在退伍军人事务医疗保健系统就诊的 2 型糖尿病男性患者组成,他们在研究期间(1999 年至 2005 年)没有癌症病史,且仅使用二甲双胍或磺酰脲类药物作为降糖药物。使用 Cox 比例风险分析评估因他汀类药物与磺酰脲类药物的使用而导致的二甲双胍对 PCa 的差异风险比(HR),其中调整了二甲双胍和他汀类药物使用的倾向评分,以平衡药物组之间的基线协变量的不平衡。
平均随访时间为 5 年,7.5%的患者被诊断为 PCa。他汀类药物的使用改变了二甲双胍对 PCa 发病率的影响(P<0.0001)。与磺酰脲类药物相比,在使用他汀类药物的患者中,二甲双胍与 PCa 发病率显著降低相关(HR 0.69[95%CI 0.50-0.92];17 例/533 例二甲双胍使用者与 135 例/2404 例磺酰脲类药物使用者),而在未使用他汀类药物的患者中,二甲双胍与 PCa 发病率增加相关(HR 2.15[1.83-2.52];22 例/175 例二甲双胍使用者与 186 例/1930 例磺酰脲类药物使用者)。服用二甲双胍和他汀类药物的患者与未服用任何药物的患者相比,PCa 发病率的 HR 为 0.32(0.25-0.42)。
在 2 型糖尿病男性中,使用二甲双胍的患者的 PCa 发病率因他汀类药物的使用而有所不同。二甲双胍和他汀类药物联合使用对 PCa 的潜在有益影响可能是由于协同作用。