Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2012 Apr;70(4):201-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00475.x.
The importance of vitamin D for ensuring the health of children has long been understood. Over time, however, dietary recommendations for vitamin D intake have varied, with some eras seeing higher levels recommended and some lower. Remarkably, the current recommendations from the Institute of Medicine are not much different from those released with the first edition of the recommended dietary allowances in 1941. The present review examines the evolution of vitamin D recommendations over time and considers the differences and potential consequences related to the various recommendations in effect today. In considering strategies to evaluate the vitamin D status of children and efforts to assure its adequacy, individual caregivers and policy makers need to consider carefully the costs and potential risks of different screening strategies involving blood testing in children and of supplementation. More data on the long-term risks and benefits are needed before widespread screening or supplementation can be advocated.
维生素 D 对保障儿童健康的重要性早已被人们所认识。然而，随着时间的推移，人们对维生素 D 摄入量的膳食推荐也发生了变化，有些时期推荐的摄入量较高，有些时期则较低。值得注意的是，医学研究所目前的推荐摄入量与 1941 年首次发布的建议膳食允许量第一版相差不大。本综述考察了维生素 D 推荐摄入量随时间的演变，并考虑了当今各种推荐量之间的差异及其潜在影响。在考虑评估儿童维生素 D 状况的策略以及确保其充足性的努力时，个体护理人员和决策者需要仔细考虑涉及儿童血液检测的不同筛查策略和补充剂的成本和潜在风险。在广泛提倡筛查或补充之前，还需要更多关于长期风险和益处的数据。
