School of Dentistry, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2012 Mar-Apr;26(2):132-8. doi: 10.1590/s1806-83242012000200008.
The aim of this research was to assess oral and maxillofacial trauma in urban and rural populations of the same region. The data collected included age, gender, year and month of trauma occurrence, origin (rural and urban), cause of injury, and the type of oral and maxillofacial trauma. Records from 1121 patients with 790 instances of oral and maxillofacial trauma were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 software and involved descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-squared test. Male patients were more prone to maxillofacial trauma (n = 537; 68%), and the patients were mostly from urban areas (n = 534; 67.6%). The male-to-female ratio was found to be 2.12:1 (urban zone, 1.72:1; rural zone, 3.49:1). The average age was 25.7 years (SD = 14.1). A traffic accident was the most common cause of oral and maxillofacial trauma (27%). The jaw (18%) was the most commonly fractured bone in the facial skeleton, followed by the zygoma (12.9%). Avulsion (8.5%) was the most common dental trauma. A significant statistical relationship was found between place of origin and gender (p < 0.001). Accidents involving animals were more frequent in rural areas (P < 0.001). Zygomatic fractures (p < 0.001), contusion (p = 0.003), and abrasion (p = 0.051) were the most common injuries among individuals from rural areas. Nasal fracture (p = 0.011) was the most frequent type of trauma in individuals from urban areas. According to these data, it seems reasonable to assume that specific preventive public policy for urban and rural areas must respect the differences of each region.
本研究旨在评估同一地区城乡人群的口腔颌面部创伤。收集的数据包括年龄、性别、创伤发生的年份和月份、来源（农村和城市）、损伤原因以及口腔颌面部创伤的类型。评估了 1121 名患者 790 例口腔颌面部创伤的记录。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 17.0 软件进行统计分析，包括描述性统计和 Pearson's 卡方检验。男性患者更容易发生颌面创伤（n = 537；68%），且大多来自城市地区（n = 534；67.6%）。男女比例为 2.12:1（城市地区，1.72:1；农村地区，3.49:1）。平均年龄为 25.7 岁（SD = 14.1）。交通事故是口腔颌面部创伤最常见的原因（27%）。颌骨（18%）是面部骨骼中最常见的骨折部位，其次是颧骨（12.9%）。撕脱伤（8.5%）是最常见的牙外伤。来源地和性别之间存在显著的统计学关系（p < 0.001）。农村地区动物相关事故更为频繁（P < 0.001）。颧骨骨折（p < 0.001）、挫伤（p = 0.003）和擦伤（p = 0.051）是农村地区人群最常见的损伤类型。鼻骨骨折（p = 0.011）是城市地区人群最常见的创伤类型。根据这些数据，似乎可以合理地假设，城乡地区必须制定具体的预防公共政策，以尊重每个地区的差异。
