Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2012 Oct;22(5):850-8. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2012.03.009. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
As astrocytes are becoming recognized as important mediators of normal brain function, studies into their roles in neurological disease have gained significance. Across mouse models for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, astrocytes are considered key regulators of disease progression. In Rett syndrome and Parkinson's disease, astrocytes can even initiate certain disease phenotypes. Numerous potential mechanisms have been offered to explain these results, but research into the functions of astrocytes in disease is just beginning. Crucially, in vivo verification of in vitro data is still necessary, as well as a deeper understanding of the complex and relatively unexplored interactions between astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and neurons.
随着星形胶质细胞被认为是大脑正常功能的重要调节者，它们在神经疾病中的作用研究变得越来越重要。在神经发育和神经退行性疾病的小鼠模型中，星形胶质细胞被认为是疾病进展的关键调节者。在雷特综合征和帕金森病中，星形胶质细胞甚至可以引发某些疾病表型。已经提出了许多潜在的机制来解释这些结果，但对星形胶质细胞在疾病中的功能的研究才刚刚开始。至关重要的是，仍然需要对体外数据进行体内验证，以及更深入地了解星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和神经元之间复杂且相对未被探索的相互作用。
