LAPEX-Experimental Parasitology Laboratory, Biology Department, Science Faculty, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida, Venezuela.
Parasitol Res. 2012 Aug;111(2):787-94. doi: 10.1007/s00436-012-2901-2. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Leishmaniasis is a public health problem that has been increasing year by year, with the further difficulty that an efficient control system is not available. Therefore, it is necessary to search for less contaminating and dangerous alternatives for controlling Leishmania transmitting sandflies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of Monticalia greenmaniana (Asteraceae) extracts and essential oil as an adulticide against Lutzomyia migonei (Diptera: Psychodidae) females, from a laboratory colony, in experimental conditions. Dry aerial parts of M. greenmaniana (Hieron) Jeffrey were used. Methanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared, and essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. Adulticide tests in pots, adulticide tests in cages, and knocked-down effects were determined. The results obtained demonstrated that methanolic and aqueous extracts produced adulticide activity. The essential oil from M. greenmaniana was proved to be the most toxic against L. migonei, with a 95 % death rate at a concentration of 0.01 mg/ml during a 1-h exposure. The essential oil showed a DL50 = 0.0050 and DL98 = 0.0066 mg/ml. The methanolic extract was DL50 = 0.130 and DL98 = 1.016 mg/ml, and the aqueous extract, DL50 = 0.487 and DL98 10.924 mg/ml. The knocked-down effect for the M. greenmaniana oil showed a KDTL50 = 48.6 and KDTL98 = 90.1 min. It was concluded that the essential oil from M. greenmaniana showed a strong insecticide effect against L. migonei females, which encourages us to continue these studies in search for control alternatives against sandflies.
利什曼病是一个公共卫生问题，其发病率逐年上升，而且目前还没有有效的控制系统。因此，有必要寻找对控制传播利什曼病的沙蝇污染和危害较小的替代品。本研究旨在评估 Monticalia greenmaniana（菊科）提取物和精油作为杀成虫剂对实验室种群中 Lutzomyia migonei（双翅目：Psychodidae）雌蝇的活性，在实验条件下进行。使用了 Hieron 命名的 M. greenmaniana（Jeffrey）的干燥气生部分。制备了甲醇和水提取物，并通过水蒸馏获得精油。在盆中进行了杀成虫剂试验、在笼中进行了杀成虫剂试验和击倒效果的测定。结果表明，甲醇和水提取物均具有杀成虫活性。M. greenmaniana 的精油被证明对 L. migonei 毒性最大，在 1 小时暴露于 0.01mg/ml 浓度下，死亡率为 95%。精油的 DL50 = 0.0050 和 DL98 = 0.0066mg/ml。甲醇提取物的 DL50 = 0.130 和 DL98 = 1.016mg/ml，水提取物的 DL50 = 0.487 和 DL98 = 10.924mg/ml。M. greenmaniana 油的击倒效果显示 KDTL50 = 48.6 和 KDTL98 = 90.1min。结论：M. greenmaniana 的精油对 L. migonei 雌蝇具有强烈的杀虫作用，这鼓励我们继续进行这些研究，以寻找控制沙蝇的替代方法。
