Lierse W
Abt. für Anatomie, Universitätskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg.
Rontgenblatter. 1990 Oct;43(10):405-8.
The pelvis consists of the sacrum, the ossa coxae, and additionally the ligaments between these bones. According to mathematical calculations the bony structure as well as the arrangement of ligaments result in optimal engineering principles, i.e. maximal strength is achieved by minimal principles, i.e. maximal strength is achieved by minimal material. The muscles inside the pelvis are covered by a fascial layer. The latter represents a continuation of the abdominal transversal fascia which extends to the pelvic floor. The connective tissue fibres around the pelvic viscera interweave with those of the pelvic floor and laterally with the connective tissue around vessels and nerves. Connective tissue around the neurovascular sheaths is nearly transversely arranged and forms the lateral ligaments of bladder, uterus or prostate gland and the rectum. Several vertically arranged connective tissue ligaments accompany either the superior rectal artery and hypogastric nerves or the ureter and the ovarian vessels. Therefore, the lymphatic fluid of the pelvic organs passes the aortic lymph nodes and/or to the lateral pelvic wall along the branches of the internal iliac vessels.
骨盆由骶骨、髋骨以及这些骨头之间的韧带组成。根据数学计算，骨骼结构以及韧带的排列遵循最佳工程原理，即通过最少的材料实现最大的强度。骨盆内的肌肉被一层筋膜覆盖。后者是腹横筋膜的延续，延伸至盆底。盆腔脏器周围的结缔组织纤维与盆底的纤维相互交织，并在侧面与血管和神经周围的结缔组织相连。神经血管鞘周围的结缔组织几乎呈横向排列，形成膀胱、子宫或前列腺以及直肠的侧韧带。几条垂直排列的结缔组织韧带伴随直肠上动脉和腹下神经，或输尿管和卵巢血管。因此，盆腔器官的淋巴液沿着髂内血管的分支通过主动脉淋巴结和/或到达盆腔侧壁。
