Beuran M, Negoi I, Paun S, Runcanu A, Gaspar B
Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Bucureşti, România.
Chirurgia (Bucur). 2012 Jan-Feb;107(1):7-14.
Understanding the mechanism of injuries represents a key element in blunt and penetrating trauma management.
Systematic review of the main types of the modem trauma mechanisms, using Medline, Cochrane Library and Embase databases.
To properly understand the road car accident injuries, trauma surgeon should know as many details from the scene: the speed of cars, impact direction, if the car rolled over, if occupants were restrained, if airbags exploded, vehicle telemetry, extrication time. Motorcyclists are 20 to 30 times more at risk for severe injuries or death than the four-wheel vehicle occupants. Current evidence shows a significant decrease in injuries severity by increasing use of seat-belts, motorcycle helmets, childrestrains and speed limit. Despite this, few countries around the world have road safety laws relating to key factors that can be considered sufficiently comprehensive in scope. Many modern trauma systems use for prehospital triage mechanism of injury criteria.
The trauma surgeon should know the mechanism of injury. This allows a high suspicion for potential injuries, their early diagnosis and increased quality in the care of trauma patients.
了解损伤机制是钝性和穿透性创伤处理的关键要素。
利用Medline、Cochrane图书馆和Embase数据库对现代创伤机制的主要类型进行系统综述。
为了正确理解道路交通事故损伤，创伤外科医生应了解尽可能多的现场细节：车速、撞击方向、车辆是否翻滚、驾乘人员是否系安全带、安全气囊是否弹出、车辆遥测数据、解救时间。骑摩托车者遭受重伤或死亡的风险比四轮车辆驾乘人员高20至30倍。目前的证据表明，通过增加安全带、摩托车头盔、儿童约束装置的使用以及限速，损伤严重程度显著降低。尽管如此，世界上很少有国家制定了涵盖关键因素且范围足够全面的道路安全法律。许多现代创伤系统将损伤标准用于院前分诊机制。
创伤外科医生应了解损伤机制。这有助于高度怀疑潜在损伤，实现早期诊断并提高创伤患者的护理质量。
