Le Bourg Éric
Université Paul-Sabatier, centre de recherche sur la cognition animale, UMR CNRS 5169, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2012 Mar;28(3):305-10. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2012283019. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
Hormesis is the phenomenon by which adaptive responses to low doses of otherwise harmful conditions improve the functional ability of organisms. Some mild stresses have beneficial effects on longevity, aging and resistance to strong stresses (heat or cold shocks, infection) in Drosophila flies. Studies on rodents are indeed scarce but mild stress seems to be effective in humans because, for instance, patients suffering from angina have a higher survival when confronted with a heart attack. A few studies, in less tragic situations however, suggest that mild stress could have positive effects in elderly people. Performing more experiments on the effects of mild stress in humans would help to know whether it could be used in therapy or to improve healthspan of elderly.
毒物兴奋效应是指生物体对低剂量原本有害的条件产生适应性反应，从而提高其功能能力的现象。一些轻度应激对果蝇的寿命、衰老以及对强烈应激（热或冷休克、感染）的抵抗力具有有益影响。关于啮齿动物的研究确实很少，但轻度应激似乎对人类有效，例如，患有心绞痛的患者在遭遇心脏病发作时具有更高的存活率。然而，在一些不那么悲惨的情况下进行的一些研究表明，轻度应激可能对老年人有积极影响。对轻度应激对人类的影响进行更多实验将有助于了解它是否可用于治疗或改善老年人的健康寿命。
