Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Vaccine. 2012 May 21;30(24):3546-56. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.063. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
Since 2006 Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has become available to adolescent girls and women in an increasing number of countries, to protect against the virus causing cervical cancer. The vaccine series is offered in three doses over 6 months, and this study aimed to identify factors associated with initiation and/or completion of the 3 dose series in (pre-) adolescent girls. Previous studies have considered intention to vaccinate rather than actual vaccination uptake.
A systematic search of Medline, Medline in process, Embase and CINAHL, from 2006 to March 2011 for articles related to HPV-vaccine uptake among adolescent girls and factors potentially associated with uptake yielded 25 studies.
The majority of studies were surveys or retrospective reviews of data, only 5 studies reported data on program completion. Most were conducted in the United States (20/25). Higher vaccine uptake was associated with having health insurance, of older age, receipt of childhood vaccines, a higher vaccine related knowledge, more healthcare utilization, having a healthcare provider as a source of information and positive vaccine attitudes. In US settings, African American girls were less likely to have either initiated or completed the three dose vaccination series.
HPV vaccination programs should focus on narrowing disparities in vaccine receipt in ethnic and racial groups and on providing correct information by a reliable source, e.g. healthcare providers. School-based vaccination programs have a high vaccine uptake. More studies are required to determine actual vaccine course completion and factors related to high uptake and completion, and information from a broader range of developed and developing settings is needed.
自 2006 年以来，越来越多的国家开始为少女和妇女提供人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗，以预防导致宫颈癌的病毒。疫苗系列在 6 个月内分 3 剂接种，本研究旨在确定与（前）少女开始和/或完成 3 剂系列接种相关的因素。先前的研究考虑的是接种意向，而不是实际的疫苗接种率。
系统检索 2006 年至 2011 年 3 月期间 Medline、Medline 正在处理、Embase 和 CINAHL 中与少女 HPV 疫苗接种率及可能与接种率相关的因素相关的文章，共 25 项研究。
大多数研究为调查或对数据的回顾性审查，仅有 5 项研究报告了有关计划完成的数据。其中 20/25 项研究在美国进行。更高的疫苗接种率与拥有健康保险、年龄较大、接受过儿童疫苗接种、更高的疫苗相关知识、更多的医疗保健利用、有医疗保健提供者作为信息来源以及对疫苗的积极态度有关。在美国，非裔美国少女开始或完成 3 剂接种系列的可能性较低。
HPV 疫苗接种计划应侧重于缩小不同种族和族裔群体在疫苗接种方面的差异，并通过可靠的来源（例如医疗保健提供者）提供正确的信息。基于学校的疫苗接种计划具有较高的疫苗接种率。需要更多的研究来确定实际的疫苗接种完成情况以及与高接种率和完成率相关的因素，并需要来自更广泛的发达国家和发展中国家的信息。
